examples

• what is an example of growth of political pragmatism?

  furlough scheme during COVID starting in 2021, supported workers with up to 60% of their wage
• what is an example of a pressure group with large membership yet enact little hope for policy change?


  National trust - 5 million+ members
• how many of the MPs are women - as of Oct 2023?

  224
• how many of the MPs are part of the BME community?

  66
• what is an example of a campaign spearheaded by stonewall?

  2013 campaign for gay marriage
• what did the Hansard report in 2019 say about party politics?

  50% of people feel like the main parties and politicians don't care about them
• what has the decline in conservative membership been?

  1950s - 2.8 million members -> 2022 - 172,000 members
• what has the decline in labour membership been?

  1950s - 1 million members -> 2021 - 432,000 members
• what is an example of a party laying a clear direction for policy?

  Boris Johnson 2019 - 'get brexit done'
• what percentage of voters percieved a difference between parties in 2015?

  27%
• how can Boris Johnson be seen to support liberal ideas?

  economically liberal through commitment to not raising income tax
• what did Blair's political parties, elections, and referedums act in 2000 do?


  limited funding to £30,000 per constituency
• what percentage of labour's funding in 2001 came from trade unions?

  80%
• what is an example of money influencing appointments to the house of lords?

  boris johnson appointed peter cruddas for a peerage after he donated £500,000 to the conservative party
• what was labour's income from external factors such as donations in 2018?


  29.4 million
• what was the conservative's income from external factors in 2018?

  26.1 million
• what was the lib dem's income from external factors in 2018?

  3.9 million
• what is a recent example of labour sticking to traditional values?

  2022 speech by starmer made it clear labour was still committed to redistributive taxation and that trickle down economics don't work
• what is an example of a pressure group being influential in terms of protection of human rights?


  liberty:

  2014 - r v secretary of state for the home dept.

  2020 - police use of facial technology recognition - breach of privacy rights
• what is an example of the government protecting human rights?


  theresa may's modern slavery act in 2015 as home sec
• what is an example of pressure groups protecting LGBTQ+ rights?

  stonewall - sutherland v united kingdom 1997 - campaigned against higher age of consent for homosexuals
• what is an example of pressure groups protecting workers rights?

  2009 gurkha justice campaign to secure equal rights for commonwealth soldiers.
• what is an example of government protecting workers rights?


  national minimum wage act in 1998

  also, gurkhas only allowed to settle in the uk after gov legislation allowed it
• what is an example of a hollow slogan?

  prominent claim of leave campaign during brexit being the UK would take back £350 million a week once left the EU - with the sum going back to the NHS
• what was the turnout for the brexit referendum?


  72.21%
• what was the turnout for the scottish referendum?

  84.6%
• what is an example of referendums undermining parliamentary sovereignty?

  52% of public voted to leave, only 24% of MPs declared support for leave during brexit campaign
• what is an example of referendums causing divisions within the nation?


  march in central london in 2019 calling for another referendum
• what percentage of adults say they consume news with broadcast tv?

  70%
• how many people said they trusted BBC journalists in 2020?


  47% - emphasises falling levels of trust in media
• what is the suns online monthly readership?

  30.2 million
• how many 16-24 year olds read printed newspapers?


  20%
• how much of the advertising budget in the 2017 campaign was spent on online campaigning?

  43%
• what is an example of blair's sofa government?


  total of 84 special advisors by 2005
• what percentage of 18-24 yr olds voted remain in brexit?

  73%
• what percentage of 65+ yr olds voted leave in brexit?


  60%
• how can media influence have been seen to have an effect on elections?

  1992 - sun published 'if kinnock wins today, will the last person to leave britain please turn out the lights' - labour lost to suprise of opinion polls - 'it's the sun wot won it'
• what is an example of the government protecting LGBTQ+ rights?

  the sexual offences (amendment) act in 2000 which lowered the age of consent for homosexuals to 16
• how much money was given in support for businesses as a result of omicron across the UK by Sunak?


  £1 billion
• what was a response to the global financial crisis in 2008 which benefited corporations?


  a bank rescue package totalling some £500 billion