Midterm Micropara

Created by

LiquidKinkajou19901

Cards (27)

Genetics 
study of genes
chromosome 
structure made of DNA that contains the genes-carries hereditary information
Genome 
genetic information in a cell
genomics 
molecular study of genomes
genotype 
genes of an organism
phenotype 
expression of genes
nucleic acids 
these are biopolymers, macromolecules which are essential to life
Purines 
contains 2 nitrogenous base rings
Deoxyribonucleic acid 
responsible for all cellular activity
directs the production of proteins
ribonucleic acid 
biologically important type of molecule that consists of long chain of nucleotide units
mRNA 
is complementary to one strand of DNA and function to carry the genetic material from the chromosome to the ribosome
tRNA 
responsible to transfer information from mRNA to rRNA
rRNA 
associated with the ribosome and accepts information from tRNA and correlates the information to synthesize proteins
polymerases 
enzyme that transport nucleotides from the cytoplasm that are complimentary to the template and fit them into place
Cytoplasm 
where protein synthesis is carried out
Initiation 
the phase during which the first nucleotides in the RNA chain are synthesized
AUG 
it is the start codon of protein synthesis
Elongation 
a complex the begins with f-met, amino acids attach to form a chain
Termination 
ends when the synthesis comes to a termination code
UAA, UAG, UGA 
the termination codes
Codon 
a group of three nucleotides in DNA which acts as a code in the placing of an amino acid in a protein molecule
Plasmids 
genes that enhance pathogenicity of a bacterium
E-coli 
plasmid encodes toxins produced and bacterial attachment to intestinal cells
Transposons 
small pieces of DNA that has 2k to 20k base pairs found in chromosomes and plasmids. Also called as Jumping Genes
Mutagens 
chemical and physical agents that cause mutations
Recombination 
exchange of homologous genes on a chromosome
transformation 
genes transferred from one bacterium to another