cholera and the second public health act

• how did cholera start?


  first came to UK-1831

  further outbreaks till 1865
• what caused gov to introduce public health act

  -worst outbreak killed 60,000

  -19848
• what did dr john snow do?


  Mapped cases of cholera in London, determining that the water pumps were the ones causing the outbreaks.

  
  

  -suspected cholera not airborne but in infected water
• why was there oppositions to his findings?


  -germ theory not yet published so snow couldn't prove wasn't miasma
• what was the impact of snows findings?


  -proved cholera not carried in air

  
  

  -suggested to gov they should introduce new sewer system which they later did
• what was the great stink?

  heatwave in 1848 that caused Thames to smell digusting
• how did the parliament react to great stink?


  -politicians demanded not to meet at houses of parliament

  
  

  -asked for help from joseph Balzalgette
• joseph balzalgette


  civil engineer

  built new sewer system under ldn which greatly improved public health- removed 420 million gallons of sewage per day ad was 83 miles long
• when was the 2nd public health act introduced?

  1875
• what were the measures of act


  -medical officers appointed in every area

  
  

  -must be provision of clean water and proper disposal of sewage

  
  

  -local councils must collect rubbish
• why was this act more effective than the first?

  compulsory unlike first which was set of guidelines