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CHEM 2120 LEC
MOCK QUIZ
LIPIDS
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Cards (50)
What is the main storage form of energy in animals?
Triacylglycerols
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Which lipid forms the bilayer of membranes?
Phospholipids
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Which lipid contains a sphingosine backbone?
Sphingolipids
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How do glycolipids differ from phospholipids?
Glycolipids contain
sugar groups
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Cholesterol is a precursor of what?
Steroid hormones
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What characterizes steroids?
Four
fused rings
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Vitamin A is derived from what?
Beta-carotene
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Vitamin D is derived from what?
Cholesterol
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What is the main function of Vitamin E?
Antioxidant
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What is Vitamin K important for?
Blood clotting
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Which fatty acid is considered essential?
Linoleic acid
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What is the omega-3 fatty acid?
Linolenic acid
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What is the omega-6 fatty acid?
Linoleic acid
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What do saturated fatty acids contain?
No
double bonds
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How are unsaturated fatty acids usually found at room temperature?
Liquid
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How are trans fats formed?
Hydrogenation
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What is arachidonic acid a precursor of?
Eicosanoids
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What do eicosanoids include?
Prostaglandins
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How many kcal/g do lipids yield?
9 kcal/g
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How many kcal/g do carbohydrates yield?
4 kcal/g
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Why are lipids better energy stores?
More
reduced
and
hydrophobic
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What do adipocytes store lipids mainly as?
Triacylglycerols
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Which lipid is abundant in myelin?
Sphingomyelin
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What acts as a detergent-like molecule in bile?
Bile salts
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Which molecule transports lipids in blood?
Lipoproteins
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What is HDL known as?
Good cholesterol
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What is LDL known as?
Bad cholesterol
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What are waxes?
Esters
of
long-chain
alcohols and
fatty acids
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From what are terpenes derived?
Isoprene units
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What do steroid hormones include?
Cortisol
,
testosterone
,
estrogen
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What are lipid rafts rich in?
Cholesterol
and
sphingolipids
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Which lipids can act as second messengers?
DAG
,
IP3
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What does phospholipase C cleave?
PIP2
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What is ceramide a backbone for?
Sphingolipids
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What does lipid peroxidation damage?
Membranes
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What does essential fatty acid deficiency lead to?
Dermatitis
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What does Vitamin A deficiency cause?
Night blindness
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What does Vitamin D deficiency cause?
Rickets
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What does Vitamin E deficiency cause?
Neurological
problems
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What does Vitamin K deficiency cause?
Bleeding disorders
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