LIPIDS

Cards (50)

  • What is the main storage form of energy in animals?
    Triacylglycerols
  • Which lipid forms the bilayer of membranes?
    Phospholipids
  • Which lipid contains a sphingosine backbone?
    Sphingolipids
  • How do glycolipids differ from phospholipids?
    Glycolipids contain sugar groups
  • Cholesterol is a precursor of what?
    Steroid hormones
  • What characterizes steroids?
    Four fused rings
  • Vitamin A is derived from what?
    Beta-carotene
  • Vitamin D is derived from what?
    Cholesterol
  • What is the main function of Vitamin E?
    Antioxidant
  • What is Vitamin K important for?
    Blood clotting
  • Which fatty acid is considered essential?
    Linoleic acid
  • What is the omega-3 fatty acid?
    Linolenic acid
  • What is the omega-6 fatty acid?
    Linoleic acid
  • What do saturated fatty acids contain?
    No double bonds
  • How are unsaturated fatty acids usually found at room temperature?
    Liquid
  • How are trans fats formed?
    Hydrogenation
  • What is arachidonic acid a precursor of?
    Eicosanoids
  • What do eicosanoids include?
    Prostaglandins
  • How many kcal/g do lipids yield?
    9 kcal/g
  • How many kcal/g do carbohydrates yield?
    4 kcal/g
  • Why are lipids better energy stores?
    More reduced and hydrophobic
  • What do adipocytes store lipids mainly as?
    Triacylglycerols
  • Which lipid is abundant in myelin?
    Sphingomyelin
  • What acts as a detergent-like molecule in bile?
    Bile salts
  • Which molecule transports lipids in blood?
    Lipoproteins
  • What is HDL known as?
    Good cholesterol
  • What is LDL known as?
    Bad cholesterol
  • What are waxes?
    Esters of long-chain alcohols and fatty acids
  • From what are terpenes derived?
    Isoprene units
  • What do steroid hormones include?
    Cortisol, testosterone, estrogen
  • What are lipid rafts rich in?
    Cholesterol and sphingolipids
  • Which lipids can act as second messengers?
    DAG, IP3
  • What does phospholipase C cleave?
    PIP2
  • What is ceramide a backbone for?
    Sphingolipids
  • What does lipid peroxidation damage?
    Membranes
  • What does essential fatty acid deficiency lead to?
    Dermatitis
  • What does Vitamin A deficiency cause?
    Night blindness
  • What does Vitamin D deficiency cause?
    Rickets
  • What does Vitamin E deficiency cause?
    Neurological problems
  • What does Vitamin K deficiency cause?
    Bleeding disorders