STEPS

• WHO DEVELOPED THE COGNITIVE INTERVIEW?

  Fisher and Geiselman
• WHAT ARE THE STEPS OF THE COGNITIVE INTERVIEW?

  • repeat everything
  • reinstate the context
  • change the order
  • change the perspective
• HOW IS REPORTING EVERYTHING CARRIED OUT?

  witness encouraged by interviewer to report every single thing that happened (even if irrelevant)
• HOW IS REINSTATING THE CONTEXT CARRIED OUT?

  witness mentally recreates their surroundings and personal context of event (e.g. sights, sounds, weather, emotions)
• HOW IS CHANGING THE ORDER CARRIED OUT?

  alternative method of recalling the event in a timeline (e.g. final point before working way back to beginning)
• HOW IS CHANGING THE PERSEPCTIVE CARRIED OUT?

  witness recalls event from another person's pov
• WHY DOES REPORTING EVERYTHING HELP?

  avoids response bias from specific questions

  -> enables trivial details to potentially trigger other memories
• WHY DOES REINSTATING THE CONTEXT HELP?

  prevents retrieval failure as imagining the environment and emotions can trigger cues
• WHY DOES CHANGING THE ORDER HELP?

  disrupts effect of expectations and schema on recall
• WHY DOES CHANGING THE PERSPECTIVE HELP?

  disrupts effect of expectations and schema on recall