Biology

Cards (170)

  • Scientists try to group similar organisms together so that they are easier to identify
  • The five kingdoms are animal, plant, fungi, single-celled organisms and bacteria
  • The two types of animals are vertebrates which have a backbone and invertebrates which do not have a backbone
  • The two types of plants are flowering plants such as sunflowers which produces flowers to reproduce, and non-flowering plants such as moss which reproduce using spores
  • Morphological adaption is a structural change which gives an organism a greater chance of survival in its habitat
  • Behavioural adaption is the way an organism responds to its environment which aids its survival.
  • Biodiversity and endangered species can be conserved and protected by CITIES, SSSI, captive breeding programmes, national parks, sperm banks and local biodiversity action plans.
  • Why are Quadrats impractical to count all the organisms in a population?
    • animals move during counting
    • some may die during counting
    • difficult to find the animals
  • What is a transect?
    A transect is a straight line or path along a habitat. The number of organisms can be observed at certain points.
  • what can a transect be used for?
    to investigate a gradual change in a habitat
  • Why is biodiversity important for humans?
    • source of food
    • industrial materials
    • potential for new medicines
  • Why would numbers in a population of organisms decrease?
    • competition for resources
    • predation
    • disease
    • pollution
  • What is an alien species?
    A species which is not native to a particular region or country
  • Biological control is the control of a pest by the introduction of a predator
  • what method is better than the Quadrat to estimate organism population?
    capture/recapture method
  • chromosomes carry genetic information (DNA), which is found in the nucleus of the cell.
  • Genes exist In pair, and each gene creates a code that makes specific protein
  • what Is mitosis?
    a type of cell division, that when a cell divides each new cell produced has the same genetic information.
  • How many chromosomes does the human body contain?
    46
  • Why do cells divide?
    Cells divide when:
    • an organism grows
    • organisms need to replace worn-out cells
    • organisms need to repair damaged tissue
  • What are the two cells produced by mitosis called?

    daughter cells
  • New daughter cells contain genetic information that is identical to the mother cell, and chromosomes numbers remain constant.
  • When a cell becomes cancerous it begins to grow and divide.
  • A group of cancerous cells produces a growth called a tumour.
  • What causes cancer?
    Carcinogens cause cancer by damaging DNA which can cause mutations to occur
  • What is produced when a male gamete (sperm) and a female gamete (egg/ovum) fuse?
    A zyogote
  • How many chromosomes do gamete’s have?
    23
  • When the male and female gamete fuse, they become a zygote, which in turn becomes a new embryo containing the full 46 chromosome.
  • fertilisation is the fusion of gametes.
  • Gametes are formed by a type of cell division called meiosis
  • All gametes are genetically different from each other they show variation.
  • Meiosis produces genetically varied daughter cells
  • Mitosis produces genetically identical daughter cells
  • Mitosis daughter cells have a full set of chromosomes and the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell
  • Meiosis daughter cells have half a set of chromosomes from each parent cell
  • How many daughter cells are produced by mitosis?
    2
  • How many daughter cells are produced from Meiosis?
    4
  • Meiosis occurs for the formation of gametes in sexual reproduction
  • An embryo develops from a fertilised egg, cells in this stage are known as stem cells.
  • Stem cells have not undergone differentiation; it has yet become specialised.