Digestive system

• Speeds up the chemical digestion of starch into carbohydrates?

  Pytalin
• Pytalin is also called?

  Alpha-amylase
• These are the convulated projections in the small intestine?

  Villi
• Tinier finger-like projections?

  Microvilli
• Releases bicarbonate ions and digestive enzymes into the small intestine?

  Acrinar cells
• Endocrine cell pockets of different cell types that releases endocrine hormones?

  Islets of Langerhans
• Made up of waste materials such as undigested food, digestive juices, bacteria, and mucus?

  Feces
• It is responsible for the breakdown of the food that we eat?

  Digestive system
• Food is broken down into _____ _____ ___ which are then absorbed into our bloodstream for distribution to the various parts of our body?

  Simpler molecular components
• The digestive system is divided into the?

  Alimentary canal and accessory organs
• A continuous muscular tube around 9 meters in length that starts at the mouth to the pharynx, esophagus, stomach small intestine, large intestine, and anus?

  Alimentary Canal
• The food that we eat undergoes _____ as it passes through the alimentary canal?

  Mechanical and chemical digestion
• Refers to the physical breakdown of food into smaller particles by the chewing action of the teeth and the churning motion of the stomach?

  Mechanical digestion
• Refers to the enzymatic breakdown of the chemical bonds in larger and more complex molecules into simpler ones?

  Chemical digestion
• The digested food is eventually absorbed through the bloodstream, while the undigested particles are excreted through the ___ as fecal matter?

  anus
• The digestion begins through the mouth, tongue, teeth, and ___ work together to jump-start digestion when we chew?

  Salivary glands
• The ____ of the digestive system include the liver, gall bladder, and pancreas?

  Accessory organs
• Pair of hard bony structures located on our upper and lower jaws, used for chewing?

  Teeth
• Muscular organ in the mouth that serves as the taste or gustatory organ?

  Tongue
• The receptors that are scattered all over the tongue's surface and concentrated toward its back, it can detect five kinds of taste?

  Taste buds
• During swallowing, the tongue moves the food back into the ____ then into the esophagus?

  pharynx
• Secrete the alkaline aqueous fluid which moistens the mouth, softens food, and aids in the chemical digestion of starch?

  Salivary Glands
• The alkaline aqueous fluid called?

  Saliva
• Three main paired salivary glands in the oral cavity?

  Submandibular, Sublingual, and parotid glands
• This is a gland that is located under the lower jaw?

  Submandibular gland
• This is a gland that can be found beneath the tongue?

  Sublingual Glands
• This gland is found in front of each ear?

  Parotid Gland
• The saliva of the parotid gland contains the enzyme called?

  Pytalin
• 10 inch-long, smooth muscular tube that channels the food into the stomach?

  Esophagus
• A process where the smooth muscles in the walls of the esophagus contract rhythmically to push the bolus or mass of food downward?

  Peristalsis
• A hollow smooth muscular organ located below the diaphragm?

  Stomach
• It will take 4hrs for our stomach to turn ingested food into soupy mixture called?

  Chyme
• A narrow convulated muscular tube, fills most of your lower abdomen . The major site for most the digestion and absorption of food in your digestive system?

  Small intestine
• The first region of the small intestine, where most of the calcium and iron ions are absorbed?

  Duodenum
• Part of the small intestine, where sugars, amino acids, and fats are predominantly absorbed?

  Jejunum
• The last region of the small intestine, where vitamin B12 and bile salts are primarily absorbed?

  Ileum
• The small intestine has millions of convoluted projections called?

  Villi and microvilli
• It lies horizontally across the posterior wall of the abdomen with its head across the concavity of the duodenum?

  Pancreas
• It is considered as conglomerate gland because it is made up of different clusters of cells the perform either a digestive or hormonal function?

  Pancreas
• The alpha-cells of the pancreas releases?

  Glucagon