Unit 10 study guide_2

• Cold War

  A conflict between the US and the Soviet Union over ideological differences, characterized by tension, proxy wars, and the race for global influence
• China under Mao Zedong

  • Underwent drastic communist reforms like the Great Leap Forward and the Cultural Revolution, resulting in millions of deaths and social upheaval
• Space Race

  A competition between the US and the Soviet Union during the Cold War to achieve milestones in space exploration, driving technological advancements and national pride
• Arms Race

  Intense competition between the US and the Soviet Union to build up nuclear weapons and military technology, heightening global tensions and risking nuclear conflict
• Korean War

  Conflict between North and South Korea, with the US supporting South Korea to contain communism, leading to tensions with China and significant loss of lives
• Vietnam War

  A conflict between North and South Vietnam, with the US involved to contain communism, ultimately resulting in a communist victory and significant US casualties
• Cuban Missile Crisis

  A standoff between the US and the Soviet Union over Soviet missiles in Cuba, resolved through diplomatic negotiations and agreements
• Partitioning of India

  Division of British India into India and Pakistan, marked by violence and displacement, with ongoing disputes, especially over Kashmir
• ApartheidRacial segregation policy in South Africa, resisted by figures like Nelson Mandela, leading to his imprisonment and eventual presidency after apartheid's end
• Israel-Palestine Conflict

  Ongoing conflict over territory between Israel and Palestine, rooted in historical and religious claims, with numerous disputes and efforts at resolution
• Cambodian Genocide: Genocidal atrocities committed by the Khmer Rouge regime in Cambodia, resulting in millions of deaths and lasting trauma
• End of the Cold War

  Marked by events like detente, the Soviet-Afghan War, leadership changes with Gorbachev and Reagan, policies like Glasnost and Perestroika, and significant moments like the fall of the Berlin Wall and the collapse of the USSR
• Iran: The US intervened to remove the democratic leader and install a pro-Western regime due to tensions over nationalized oil production.
• Guatemala: The US orchestrated a coup to protect the interests of an American company against land reforms proposed by the Guatemalan president.
• Hungary: Hungary's attempt to break away from Soviet control was met with intervention by the USSR, suppressing the uprising and maintaining control.
• Berlin: Divided during the Cold War, East Berlin constructed a wall to prevent citizens from fleeing to the capitalist West.
• Nicaragua: The US supported rebels to overthrow the communist leadership in Nicaragua during the Reagan era.
• Afghanistan: The USSR's attempt to prop up a communist government led to a decade-long occupation, countered by US support for rebel groups like the Mujahideen.