ENG 4th

• Author


  William Shakespeare, a foremost English poet, playwright, and actor of the Elizabeth era, known as "Bard of Avon"
• Settings


  • Venice, Italy- where ships often visit for business and products
• Characters


  • Shylock - lends the money or ducats
  • Antonio - friend of Bassanio, the one who needs the money for his shipwreck or business
  • Bassanio - Antonio's friend, the one who seeks the help of Shylock
• Character Foil


  Distinguishing the attitude of characters through their dialogue, specifically, how the protagonist unlocks the antagonist's attitude
• During the Elizabethan Era, people were Anti-semitic or Anti-Christian
• The Act 1, Scene 3 focuses on this historical background through Shylock hating Bassanio and Antonio being Christian
• Shylock: 'Yes, to smell pork; to eat of the habitation which your prophet the Nazarene conjure the devil into the pig. I will buy with you, sell with you, talk with you, walk with you, lend to you, but I will not eat with you, drink with you, or pray with you.'
• Antonio: 'Mark you this, Bassanio, the devil can cite Scripture for his purpose. An evil soul producing holy witness, is like a villain with a smiling cheek, a goodly apple rotten at the heart; O, what goodly outside falsehood has.'
• Comedy


  Comedy is a stage play that focuses on man's errors like that of his faulty reasoning, wrong ideas, and malpractice which defy society's norms, rules and laws
• Literary Device


  • Metaphor
  • Allusion
  • Symbolism
  • Rhyme
• Aside


  An aside is a speech or short comment that a character delivers directly to an audience. A key characteristic of an aside is that other characters on stage or on screen (in a play) appear not to hear the speech or comment.
• Monologue


  A monologue is a speech given by a single character in a story. In drama, it is the vocalization of a character's thoughts; in literature, the verbalization. It is traditionally a device used in theater—a speech to be given on stage—but nowadays, its use extends to film and television.
• Soliloquy


  A soliloquy is a long speech spoken by a single character not intended to be heard by any other character in the play. In the rare cases where someone else is on stage during a soliloquy, the audience should suspend disbelief. Effectively, time stops in the action of the play, because the soliloquy articulates thoughts that might flash through a person's head in the span of a few seconds.
• International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)


  It is the study and classification of speech sounds. There are 44 phonemes.
• Active Voice


  The subject performs the action or acts upon the verb.
• Passive Voice


  The subject is the receiver of the action expressed in the verb.
• Technical Vocabularies


  • Theater
  • Drama
  • Protagonist
  • Understudy
  • Antagonist
  • Offstage
  • Onstage
  • Pacing
  • Proxemics
  • Masking
  • Prompt
  • Stage Direction
  • Stage Manager
  • Backdrop
  • Cue
  • Flats
  • LX&SFX
  • Tragedy
  • Comedy
  • Tragic Hero
  • Tragic Flaw
  • Catharsis
  • Hubris
• Sensory Images


  Involves the use of descriptive language to create mental images, including auditory, gustatory, olfactory, tactile, and visual
• Modal Verbs


  • Prohibition (Don't, Mustn't, Can't)
  • Permission (Can, Could, May, Might)
  • Obligation (Must, Should, Have to)
• Verbal Communication


  The use of words to share information with other people, including spoken and written communication
• Non-Verbal Communication


  Includes facial expressions, the tone and pitch of the voice, gestures displayed through body language (kinesics) and the physical distance between the communicators (proxemics)