solar system(planets)

• Mercury


  • diameter: 4879 km
  • distance from the sun: 57.9 million km
  • rotation: 1408 hours or 58.7 Earth days
  • revolution: 88 Earth days
  • average temperature: 167°C
• Venus


  • diameter: 12104 km
  • distance from the sun: 108.2 million km
  • rotation: 5832 hours or 243 Earth days
  • revolution: 225 Earth days
  • average temperature: 464°C
• Earth


  • diameter: 12756 km
  • distance from the sun: 149.6 million km
  • rotation: 23.9 hours
  • revolution: 365.25 days
  • average temperature: 15°C
• Mars


  • diameter: 6792 km
  • distance from the sun: 227.9 million km
  • rotation: 24.6 Earth hours
  • revolution: 687 Earth days
  • average temperature: -65°C
• Jupiter


  • diameter: 142984 km
  • distance from the sun: 778.6 million km
  • rotation: 10 Earth hours
  • revolution: 4333 Earth days
  • average temperature: -110°C
• Saturn


  • diameter: 120536 km
  • distance from the sun: 1433.5 million km
  • rotation: 10.7 Earth hours
  • revolution: 10756 Earth days
  • average temperature: -140°C
• Uranus


  • diameter: 51118 km
  • distance from the sun: 2872.5 million km
  • rotation: 17 Earth hours
  • revolution: 30687 Earth days
  • average temperature: -195°C
• Neptune


  • diameter: 49528 km
  • distance from the sun: 4495.1 million km
  • rotation: 16 Earth hours
  • revolution: 60190 Earth days
  • average temperature: -200°C
• Pluto's orbit brings it inside Neptune's orbit every 248 Earth years
• Pluto's orbit is tilted and oval-shaped, which goes against a criteria that defines a planet
• Dwarf planets are small celestial bodies that do not meet one or two criteria to be classified as a planet
• Pluto used to be considered the ninth planet in the solar system
• Dwarf planets are located near asteroid belts
• Asteroids are inactive, rocky bodies with pitted or cratered irregular surfaces
• Asteroids range in size from a few meters to hundreds of kilometers
• Some asteroids have moons of their own
• Asteroids revolve around the sun in elliptical orbits and rotate or tumble in their orbit
• Comets are cosmic snowballs of ice, rock, and gas
• Comets have a frozen part called the nucleus that is no larger than a few kilometers across
• As a comet nears the sun, the frozen part heats up and forms an atmosphere or coma, which creates a bright tail
• Most comets do not travel any closer than 89 million kilometers from the sun to prevent them from completely breaking up
• Meteoroids are pieces of rocks from the fragments of other planetesimals such as comets and asteroids
• Meteoroids can be rocky, metallic, or a combination of rock and metal
• Meteoroids orbit the sun at different speeds and are found throughout the solar system
• When a meteoroid enters Earth's atmosphere, it is called a meteor or shooting star and heats up and burns, producing a streak of light
• A meteor can turn into a bolide or a fireball if it reaches a certain brightness
• A bolide is an extremely bright meteor that explodes in the atmosphere
• A fireball is a meteor that is brighter than the planet Venus
• Meteorites are meteoroids that survive passing through the atmosphere and reach the ground
• A planet is a body in space that orbits a star and is large enough to have sufficient gravity to mold into a sphere and push away other objects of the same size that go near its orbit
• The solar system has eight planets that are separated by an asteroid belt into inner and outer planets
• The inner planets are also called terrestrial planets because of their rock solid surface
• The inner planets are Mercury, Venus, Earth, and Mars
• The outer planets can be classified into two depending on their composition: gas giants like Jupiter and Saturn, and ice giants like Uranus and Neptune
• All of the outer planets have rings
• Pluto is a dwarf planet
• Planetesimals are small bodies in the solar system that could come together to form a planet, such as asteroids, comets, and meteoroids
• The geocentric model shows Earth as the center of the solar system
• The heliocentric model presents the sun as the center of the solar system
• Different types of models are used to help visualize and understand the solar system