World History

• Stone Tools - earliest known technology; used by humans during the stone age
• People were concerned with the FF: (TC-WA-CFA)

  • Transportation
  • Communication
  • Weapons-and-Armors
  • Conversation-of-life
  • Field-of-Engineering
  • Architecture
• Early hunters developed skills and techniques to use-of-tools, make-weapons and to identify-plants-and-animals
• Sumeria - located on the southernmost part of ancient mesopotamia
• Early population of Sumeria — Ubaid people
• Cuneiform - first writing system of the sumerians; major contribution of the sumerians
• Uruk City - first true city in the world
• Great Ziggurat of Ur - mountain of God; sacred place of the chief god (priest)
• The patron deity of Ur — God Nanna
• Ur — located in the Phi Qar Province, South Iraq
• Irrigation-and-Dikes

  — sumerian created these to bring water to farm lands and flood control of the rivers
• Irrigation-and-Dikes - one of the world's beneficial engineering works
• Sailboats - main mode of transportation, through water way
• Wheels - used for farm work and food processes
• Babilani means Gate of Gods
• Babylon - a city devoted to materialism and sensual pleasure
• Babylon - major city of ancient mesopotamia
• Hanging Garden - built by King Nebuchadnezzar for his wife, Amytis of Media
• The History of Ancient Egypt

  • Old Kingdom [Early Bronze Age]
  • Middle Kingdom [Middle Bronze Age]
  • New Kingdom [Late Bronze Age]
• Papyrus - a plant that grow abundantly along the Nile River.
• Hieroglyphics - Egyptian writing that composed of hundred of symbols
• Cosmetics - used for both health and aesthetic reasons
• Henna - used to stain finger tips and toes
• Khol - used to draw thick distinctive black lines
• Malachite - a copper ore, green eye make up color.
• Red ochre - used as rouge or lip color
• Wig - used to enhance appearance of people are balding; worn for health
• Greece - an archipelago in the southeastern part of Europe
• Ancient Greek were seafarers seeking opportunities for trade and founding new independent cities
• Celery - known to have antiinflammatory properties
• Egg-white - good for sealing wounds
• Opium - provide pain relief; anaesthetic
• Greek Civilization Inventions

  • Odometer/Path Measure
  • Water Mill
  • Astrolabe - used to measure altitudes of celestial bodies
  • Water Clock
  • Mathematics and Geometry
• Egyptian believes that a person wearing a make up was protected-from-evil, and beauty was a sign-of-holiness
• Water Clock or Clepsydra — utilizes gravity that affects the flow of water — used as a timekeeping device
• Rome - known for the military, political, and social institutions
• The Roman Empire was perceived to be the strongest political and social entity in the west.
• Roman Empire - considered to be the Cradle of Politics and Governance during that period.
• Roman Civilization Inventions: (RABR)

  • Roman Aqueducts
  • Acta Diurna
  • Bound Books
  • Roman Numerals
• Roman Aqueducts - used for transporting water along stone, lead, and concrete pipelines and into city centers.