Anaphy Lec Midterms

• Anatomy 


  The structure or study of the structure of the body and the relationship of its parts to each other.
• Autopsy


  The examination of the body after death.
• B cells


  Lymphocytes that begin development in primary lymphatic organs and complete it in red bone marrow; a process that occurs throughout life.
• Cartilage


  Type of connective tissue consisting of chondrocytes in lacunae embedded in a dense network of collagen and elastic fibres and an extracellular matrix of chondroitin sulfate.
• Cell Biology


  The study of cellular structure and function. Also called cytology.
• Control Centre


  Part of a feedback system that sets the range of values within which a controlled condition should be maintained, evaluates input from receptors, and generates output commands.
• Differentiation


  The development of a cell from an unspecialised state to a specialised state.
• effector 


  An organ of the body, either a muscle or a gland, that is innervated by somatic or autonomic motor neurons.
• Embryology


  The study of development from the fertilised egg to the end of the eighth week of development.
• epidemiology


  Study of the occurrence and transmission of diseases and disorders in human populations.
• extracellular fluid (ECF)


  Fluid outside body cells, such as interstitial fluid and plasma.
• Feedback Systsem


  Cycle of events in which the status of a body condition is monitored, evaluated, changed, remonitored, and reevaluated.
• Homeostasis


  The condition in which the body’s internal environment remains relatively constant within physiological limits.
• intracellular (in′-tra-SEL-ū-lar) fluid (ICF)

  Fluid located within cells. Also called cytosol.
• negative feedback system 


  A feedback system that reverses a change in a controlled condition.
• pharmacology 


  The science of the effects and uses of drugs in the treatment of disease.
• physiology 


  Science that deals with the functions of an organism or its parts.
• positive feedback system 


  Feedback system that strengthens a change in one of the body’s controlled conditions.
• skeletal muscle tissue

  composed of striated muscle fibres (cells), supported by connective tissue, attached to a bone by a tendon or an aponeurosis, and stimulated by somatic motor neurons.
• appositional growth 


  the growth in diameter of cartilage and bone.
• articular cartilage


  Hyaline cartilage attached to articular bone surfaces.
• bone remodelling 


  Replacement of old bone by new bone tissue.
• compact bone tissue 


  Bone tissue that contains few spaces between osteons (haversian systems)
• diaphysis 


  The shaft of a long bone.
• endochondral ossification 


  The replacement of cartilage by bone. Also called intracartilaginous ossification.
• endosteum 


  The membrane that lines the medullary (marrow) cavity of bones, consisting of osteogenic cells and scattered osteoclasts.
• epiphyseal

  plate

  The hyaline cartilage plate in the metaphysis of a long bone; site of lengthwise growth of long bones. Also called the growth plate.
• epiphyses 


  The ends of long bones, usually larger in diameter than the shaft (diaphysis). Singular is epiphysis
• fracture 


  Any break in a bone.
• haemopoiesis 


  Blood cell production, which occurs in red bone marrow after birth. Also called haematopoiesis
• Anatomy


  Science of body structures and the relationship between
• Branches of Anatomy


  • Embryology
  • Cell biology
  • Histology
  • Gross anatomy
  • Systemic anatomy
  • Regional anatomy
  • Surface anatomy
  • Imaging anatomy
  • Pathological anatomy
• Embryology


  Study of embryo, first 8 weeks
• Developmental biology


  Study of structural development occurs between conception to death
• Cell biology


  Cellular structure and functions
• Histology


  Microscopic structure of tissues
• Gross anatomy


  Examined without a microscope
• Systemic anatomy


  Study of specific system such as nervous system or respiratory system
• Regional anatomy


  Specific regions of the body such as the head or chest
• Surface anatomy


  Exterior of the body to visualize structures deeper inside the body