4th Quarter

• How many large shells form the outer shell of the earth

  7
• Layer directly beneath the Crust

  Mantle
• The upper mantle and crust make up what major tectonic feature


  Lithosphere
• What lies directly beneath the lithosphere and is around 200 km thick

  Asthenosphere
• Continental Crust is _ than Oceanic Crust

  thicker
• How thick is the Oceanic Crust?


  7km
• Continental crust rock


  Granite
• Oceanic Crust Rock


  Basalt
• Where new oceanic crust being formed


  Mist-Atlantic Ridge
• Where are melts most likely to be produces by the adiabatic rise of mantle


  Mid-Atlantic Ridges or Hotspots
• San Andreas Fault is what type of boundary

  transform
• East Pacific Rise and the Mid-Atlantic Ridges represent

  Divergent Boundaries
• Subduction


  Descent of a denser plate when it collides with another plate
• Inner Core composition


  Iron and Nickel
• State of the Inner Core


  Solid
• The outer core is _ than the mantle

  denser
• Fast Spreading Centers


  do not develop a rift valley
• Giant Continent 1.1b-750m.y ago


  Rodinia
• Giant Supercontinent 248 m.y. ago


  Pangea
• most of the volume of our planet is composed of

  mantle
• Mohorovicic Discontinuity


  separates the Mantle and Crust
• What produces the Earth's magnetic field?


  motion of the outer core
• The lithosphere is destroyed at

  Convergent margins
• Seven major Lithospheric plates of our planet

  North America, South America, African, Eurasian, Indo-Australian, Antarctic, Pacific
• Liquids beneath the Earth's Surface

  Magma
• Liquids that had flowed out of Earth's crust

  Lava
• Four Driving Forces behind plate motion

  Convection, Gravitational Sliding, Slab Pull, Ridge Push
• electromagnetic waves used in RADARs

  radio waves
• EM waves used to look at bone fractures and tumors

  X-ray
• EM waves used to treat cancer

  Gamma rays
• EM waves used in remote controls of TV, video, cassette recorders, and electronic appliances

  Infrared
• EM waves are produced by

  any disturbances
• EM waves used in communication

  Radio waves
• Direction of propagation of EM waves

  Perpendicular
• EM wave with the widest frequency


  Radio
• Used in Night Vision Goggles

  Infrared
• Type of x-ray that can penetrate through metals

  short wavelength X-ray
• EM waves emitted by stars

  Gamma
• EM waves that causes fluorescent chemicals to glow in sunlight 


  Ultraviolet
• Convex Mirrors produce


  inverted images