Aus Mod

• Treaty of Versailles


  1919 in the Palace of Versailles, they had to make sure the "war to end all wars" never happened again
• Treaty of Versailles signed

  Jan 1919
• Treaty of Versailles signed


  June 28th 1919
• Requirements of the Treaty of Versailles

  • Germany was to restrict their army to 100,000 men with no modern weapons
  • Take away a lot of their land gained through the war
  • Pay $6.6 billion for war damages
  • Accept blame for starting WW1 (war guilt)
  • Lost trading routes
  • Demilitarise the Rhineland
  • Wouldn't let them union with Austria
• The Treaty of Versailles was so harsh on Germany because they wanted someone to blame for WW1 and didn't want to take responsibility
• The requirements of the Treaty of Versailles included forcing Germany to restrict their army to 100,000 men with no modern weapons, take away a lot of their land gained through the war, pay $100,000,000 for war damages, accept blame for starting WW1, lost trading routes, demilitarise the Rhineland, and wouldn't let them union with Austria
• The Treaty of Versailles caused the Germans to suffer and accept unfair consequences such as the blame for starting WW1 which made the Germans feel angry, humiliated, and vulnerable to a leader such as Hitler who was very persuasive in a time of anger when Germany wanted revenge
• Actual clauses of the Treaty of Versailles

  • Land
  • Financial
  • Military
• German expansionism


  When Germany invaded Austria on the 12th March 1938, bluntly defying the Treaty of Versailles. Germany continued to invade Czechoslovakia and on the 1 September 1939 Germany invaded Poland, starting WW2 with Great Britain and France. Germany continued to invade Belgium, Denmark, Estonia, France, Greece, Guernsey, Hungary, Italy, Jersey, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Monaco, the Netherlands, Norway, Russia, the UK, Yugoslavia, and Ukraine
• Conscription introduced in Germany

  1935
• Germany invaded the Rhineland with 22,000 troops


  7 March 1936
• Hitler crosses the border into Austria and asks for German Austrians to "ask" for German assistance


  12 March 1938
• Germany invades Czechoslovakia


  15 March 1939
• Hitler makes pact with U.S.S.R about Poland

  23 August 1939
• English agree to support the Polish

  25 August 1939
• Germany invades Poland, starting WW2 with Britain and France


  1 September 1939
• Japanese expansionism


  When Japan invaded China, Mongolia, Korea, Burma, Thailand, Indochina, Malaya, and the Philippines to seize the resources they desperately required by force
• Japan invaded Manchuria


  18 September 1931
• Japan attacked China with the Marco Polo Bridge incident

  7 July 1937
• Japan signed the Tripartite Pact with Germany and Italy

  27 September 1940
• US imposed economic sanctions on Japan

  26 July 1941
• Japanese attacked Pearl Harbour


  7 December 1941
• Australians and British were able to win the Battle of Midway and halt Japanese expansionism


  7 June 1942
• Key countries involved


  • Japan
  • US
  • Britain
  • Australia
  • China
  • Germany
  • Italy
• Kokoda Campaign

  A significant campaign in World War 2 where Australian soldiers fought against the Japanese in harsh conditions and were able to halt Japanese expansionism
• Rationing of food, clothing and petrol was implemented to control how much was sent to the soldiers and the Australian public due to severe shortages
• Blackouts and brownouts were implemented so that if bombed, planes wouldn't be able to see targets in the darkness
• Censorship of mail and newspapers was implemented to control what the citizens of Australia saw so they wouldn't be scared
• Restrictions on "enemy aliens" were implemented because they were seen as a security risk
• Roles of Australian women in WW2

  • Provided support to the air force in non-combat roles
  • Worked in the regular workforce to address labour shortages
  • Joined the Australian Women's Land Army to carry out farm work
  • Worked in munitions factories
• The roles of Australian women changed significantly in WW2 compared to WW1 due to the much larger number of men serving in the war, leaving a severe labour shortage that women had to fill
• The Treaty of Versailles punishments were so harsh on Germany that it led to anger, humiliation and vulnerability, making the German population susceptible to a persuasive leader like Hitler who promised to regain Germany's power
• Japanese expansionism started in 1931 with the invasion of Manchuria, and continued with attacks on China, the US and British forces in Asia, in order to seize resources like oil and steel that Japan desperately needed
• German expansionism involved Germany bluntly defying the Treaty of Versailles by invading Austria, Czechoslovakia and Poland, starting World War 2
• The Kokoda Campaign was significant because it was the first battle that halted Japanese expansionism, improved Australia's military capabilities, and boosted Australia's national identity and standing in the world
• The use of the atomic bomb on Japan was controversial, with arguments both for and against its use
• The Argus 1941: '"The suggestion of to form an army of women to do the hard work of farms is ridicules. Our women our wonderful, but is it fair to ask them to shear or crutch sheep, to plough the land?"'
• Arguments for using the bomb

  • Helped end a really gruesome war quickly to stop more people from dying
  • Stopped the Soviet Union invading N.E Asia
  • There weren't doing anything worse than things that had already being done during the war
  • Felt pressured to drop the bomb
  • On planning it saved the lives of 500,000 allied soldier that would otherwise have to invade mainland Japan
• Arguments against using the bomb


  • It killed innocent people
• The Japanese attack on Darwin was a surprise attack, meaning that Darwin was caught by surprise and wasn't ready to defend itself. Darwin also had few aircraft, very little anti-aircraft guns which weren't in place, and the Japanese had modern and dangerous weapons.