4th q politics

• Socialization


  Process of learning skills and social norms
• Socialization


  • Traditionally seen as one way process in which society molds the individual to society to Conform (follow) to establish social norms and rules
• Feral children/Wild children


  • Do not know how to socialise (example: Tarzan)
  • Animalistic behaviour
  • Example: Victor of Aveyron, from France
• Social identity


  • A person's notion of who he/she is in society
  • Roles and status he/she performs in the society
• Identity formality


  • Social identity: rules and status in society
  • Status: individuals position in society
  • Role: set of expectations from people in society
• Primary types of identity

  • Primary (sex, gender, status)
  • Secondary (achieved)
• Conformity


  Follow, following social norms, rules, regulations of society
• Deviance


  Violating: if the legal structured is punishable by law (e.g. murder crime)
• Cesare Lomboso


  • Earliest scientific attempt to study deviant behaviour
  • Atantics (atantestics behaviour)
  • Atavistic criminal - demonology
  • Criminal having sloping forehead unusual size of the ears, asymmetrical face, having a long arms
• Categories of criminal


  • Born Criminals- people with physical primitive light characteristics - atavistic criminal
  • Insane Criminals - idiots, paranoia, alcoholic
  • Occasional Criminal - criminal loids; predisposition to commit crime
  • Criminal of Passion - motivated to commit crime because of emotional motivation/satisfaction
• William Sheldon


  • Based on body shape
  • Endomorphs - intelligent, fast, soft - people with position - scam -corruption
  • Mesomorphs - muscular, body build (murderer)
  • Ectomorphs - skinny, flat, fragile (drugs)
• Joseph Franz Gall


  • Based on the size of the skull
  • Phrenology; pseudoscience that uses measurements of the human skull to determine personality traits, talents, and mental ability
• Kinship


  • Blood relationship
  • "web of the social relationship" that humans form as a part of a family
• Family


  Social and economic unit that consists of one or more parents and their children
• A family is a socioeconomic unit. What makes a group of individual a family is their dependency on one another with regards to their social and economics activities
• A family can have one or more parents, parents who are not married, and parents with same gender. A family should have at least one child
• Primary purpose of a family

  • To orient the individual of the norms of the society
  • To provide physical support as the individual matures
• Unilineal descent


  Allows an individual to be affiliated to the decent of one sex group only either the male or female
• Types of unilineal descent

  • Matrilineal descent - uterine descent, leads an individual to trace kinship relations through the female's line
  • Patrilineal descent - agnatic descent, an individual traces his or her kinship through the male's line
• Bilateral descent


  Allows individuals to track kinship ties on both sides the family, recognizing both relatives as their own
• Kinship by marriage


  Includes regulating mating and reproduction, facilitation the sexual devisions of labor ensuring the provisions of the children's needs within familys and perpetuating economic institutions based on family system
• Types of marriage in the Philippines

  • Religious leader
  • Representative of the government such as a city or a municipal mayor
  • A court judge
• Types of families based on marriage system

  • Patrifocal & Matrifocal
  • Monogamous
  • Polygamous
  • Extended family
  • Reconstituted family
• Patrifocal & Matrifocal


  Focus on one parent, either father (patrifocal) or mother (matrifocal). Importance of one parent maybe due to economic or social factors
• Monogamous family


  • Composed of a single (one) couple and their children (nuclear family)
  • Serial monogamy - occurs in societies where remarriage is allowed after a divorce or death of the other spouse
• Polygamous family


  • Polyandry - one woman marrying several men (brothers)
  • Fraternal polyandry - allowing this practice is the need to preserve the land ownership through generations
  • Polygony - one man marrying several woman
  • Sororal - wives are sisters, for fostering supportive environment
• Extended family


  • Involved several married couples and their children living together in one household
  • Common in Filipinos and Asians to provide care for elders
  • "compadrazgo systems" - prevalent in Spanish influence regions, extend family ties through godparent relationship
• Reconstituted family


  "Stepfamily" - are becoming more common in society. Family consists of spouse are were previously married and may have children from those marriages. Upon remarriage, they form a new family unit, includes both biological children
• Family of orientation


  Where you are born
• Family of procrastination


  You make your own family
• Post marital residency rules


  • Patrilocal residence - woman is expected to move to the family of her husband
  • Matrilocal residence - man is expected to transfer to the residence of his wife
  • Neolocal residence - new locality/build household, required to leave their own/previous households
  • Avoncolocal residence - complex residence (e.g. from patri-matri residence), requires two residence
  • Natalocal residence - remain their household after married
  • Ambilocal residence - allows the couple to choose either the woman or man area
  • Transnational family - online, OFW parents, members choose across territory
• Consanguinity


  One factor that allow an individual to identify another individual as a family member
• The Tsimane of Bolivia practices consider a couple as married if they sleep together under the same roof in a socially recognized way for more than just a brief period of time
• Rituals


  Allow for the inclusion of the individuals into a family
• Feral children/Wild children


  • Do not know how to socialise
  • Animalistic behaviour
• Feral children/Wild children


  • Tarzan
  • Vector of Aveyron, from France
• Social identity


  • A person's notion of who he/she is in society
  • Roles and status he/she performs in the society
• Identity formality


  • Social identity: rules and status in society
  • Status: individual's position in society
  • Role: set of expectations from people in society
• Primary types of identity

  • Primary (sex, gender, status)
  • Secondary (achieved)
• Primary identity


  • Roles and status that he/she learns as a child
  • Ascribed