Gen chemistry

• Stoichiometry- is the branch of chemistry that deals with the quantitative relationships between reactants and products in a chemical reaction.
• Law of conservation mass- that the total mass of the reactants must be equal to the total mass of the products.
• Quantum numbers- DETERMINES THE LOCATION AND ARRANGEMENT OF ELECTRONS IN AN ATOM
• Orbitals- ORIGIN OF PROBABILITY WHERE AN ELECTRON CAN BE found
• Pauli exclusion principle- states that no two electrons can share the same combination of four quantum numbers.
• Principal Quantum Numbers- REFERS TO THE ENERGY LEVEL OF AN ELECTRON
• Principal Quantum Numbers- REFERS TO THE SIZE OF THE ORBITAL
• Niels Bohr- describes that each energy level can only accommodate a certain number of electrons.
• Angular Momentum Quantum Numbers- REFERS TO THE SHAPE OF THE ORBITAL
• Magnetic Quantum Numbers (ml)- DESCRIBES THE SPATIAL ORIENTATION OR SPECIFIC ORBITAL OF AN ELECTRON
• Spin Quantum Number(ms)- DESCRIBES THE SENSE IN WHICH AN ELECTRON IS SPINNING ON IT'S AXIS
• The Aufbau principle- states that electrons should occupy first the orbitals with lower energy before those with higher energy.
• Paramagnetic- atoms with unpaired electrons and are affected by magnetic field
• Diamagnetic- with all electron's are paired and are not affected by magnetic field
• The step-by-step process of arranging electrons in an atom is called electron configuration
• Electron configuration- it is important in understanding chemical bonding and chemical reactions.
• Spdf notation highlighted the number of electrons occupying a certain energy level.
• orbital notation highlighted on the number of electrons occupying a certain subshell or orbital.
• s- 2

  p- 6

  d- 10

  f- 14