Nutrition

• Why is nutrition important?

  Proper adequate nutrition is vital for life, and it is responsible for growth, provides energy, and helps to maintain our tissues and organs.
• What does BMR stand for?

  Basal Metabolic Rate
• What does Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR) represent?

  The amount of calories required to fuel involuntary activities of the body at rest
• What activities does BMR fuel?

  Maintaining body temperature, muscle tone, and other movements the body requires at rest
• What impacts BMR?

  Growth, illness, environmental temperatures, emotional stress, aging.
• What is body mass index (BMI) used for?

  To estimate a person's body fat percentage
• How is BMI calculated?

  By dividing a person's weight by the square of their height
• How can you determine BMI?

  By using a BMI calculator
• What is body fat distribution?

  refers to where fat is accumulated on the body.
• How is body fat distribution used in health assessment?

  to determine certain health risks for individuals.
• how are nutrients classified?

  Essential or non essential
• Essential nutrients

  Macro and Micronutrients
• macronutrients

  Carbohydrates, proteins, and fats; which supply the energy we need.
• Micronutrients

  Vitamins and Minerals & water, which help to regulate our body processes.
• What is the primary energy source for our bodies?

  Carbohydrates
• What happens to carbohydrates if they are not used quickly?

  Converted to glucose
• What are carbohydrates stored as when glycogen stores are deficient?

  Glycogen
• What happens to excess glucose when glycogen stores are adequate?

  Converted to fat and stored as triglycerides in adipose tissue
• How does the body spare using proteins for energy?

  By using carbohydrates for energy
• Carbohydrate sources

  Cereal, oatmeal, Apples, berries, fruit, Real whole grains, Beans, nuts, and seeds
• What is the primary function of proteins?

  Tissue growth and repair/wound healing
• How is protein used as an energy source?

  If carbohydrates and fats have not been used, proteins are broken down in the small intestines and absorbed through the intestinal mucosa, then sent to the liver for energy.
• What is the structured material of every cell in the body?

  Proteins
• How does the body continuously maintain protein tissue?

  By breaking down and replacing protein tissue
• Protein Sources


  Peanut butter, BEANS, Offer cheeses, yogurt, and milk, Tuna and tofu, Eggs; Includes meat, chicken, Nuts, nut milk, and seeds
• Primary function of fats

  Provide insulation, organ protection, and aid in vitamin absorption
• What does the body burn for fuel when glycogen is depleted?

  Fat
• Why should we limit fat intake?

  To maintain a healthy diet, but healthy fats can be beneficial in moderation
• Fats Food sources

  - Butters and Oils

  - Whole milk products

  - High-fat meats

  - Nuts
• How are water-soluble vitamins absorbed in the body?

  Directly into the bloodstream through the intestinal mucosa
• How are fat-soluble vitamins absorbed in the body?

  With fat into the lymphatic circulation
• Water Soluble vitamins

  B-complex vitamins (B6, B9, B12) and Vitamin C
• Fat soluble vitamins

  A, D, & K
• What can lead to quick deficiencies in water-soluble vitamins?

  Inadequate amount of these vitamins
• What can lead to deficiencies in fat-soluble vitamins?

  Altered digestion or absorption of fat
• Vitamin B6 is

  Pyridoxine
• Vitamin B6 Sources

  - Salmon

  - Organ Meats

  - Poultry

  - Bananas

  - Broccoli
• Vitamin B6 function


  - Helps metabolize macronutrients

  - Brain health

  - Immune function
• Vitamin B6 deficiencies


  - Microcytic anemia

  - confusion

  - Lowered immunity
• Vitamin B9 (Folic Acid) function


  - Red and white cell production

  - DNA and RNA formation

  - Protein metabolism