ENGLISH Q4

• Academic writing


  Type of writing which students are expected to produce for classes and what professors and academic researchers use to write scholarly materials
• Literary writing


  A 'response', a subjective personal view which the writer expresses through his themes, ideas, thoughts, experiences using his imagination
• To be able to recognize the different kinds of writing is important because it helps in processing the information that you read
• Structure


  • Academic writing should have a clear structure with an introduction, body and conclusion. There should be a logical connection of ideas.
• Objectivity


  • Academic writing puts emphasis on the argument or information rather than on the writer himself. The writer should present both sides if an issue is present. Opinions or personal judgments not based on facts should be avoided. The passive voice is preferred.
• When observing objectivity


  One must avoid opinions
• When observing objectivity


  The passive voice is preferred
• A well-structured text is important because it helps the readers to grasp the main points and understand the material better
• Anything is


  Correct arrangement of sentences and paragraphs is observed
• Objectivity


  Avoiding bias
• Passive voice


  Preferred to achieve objectivity
• A well-structured text is important because it communicates ideas clearly and logically
• Marginal utility


  Additional utility (satisfaction) gained from consuming an additional product
• Adding up marginal utility for each unit gives total utility
• Verbal communication


  Using words, whether oral or written, to convey a message
• Non-verbal communication


  Expression or exchange of information or messages without using any spoken or written words, using body, facial expressions, gestures, etc.
• Interpersonal communication is a process of exchange of ideas and feelings between two or more people through verbal and non-verbal methods
• Interpersonal communication is important because it allows individuals to engage and socialize with others by communicating their thoughts, feelings and needs
• Communication is the process by which information is exchanged between individuals through a common system of symbols, signs, or behavior
• Verbal communication


  Using words, whether oral or written, to communicate
• Non-verbal communication


  Communicating without using spoken or written words, using body, facial expressions, gestures, etc.
• Crossing arms over chest


  Closed off/defensive
• A conversation is a face-to-face verbal interaction between two or more persons for the purpose of communicating and belonging
• Yes, I'm studying interior designing at a state university.
• I see. That sounds interesting.
• Yes, it is. I'm learning a lot. So, where do you study?
• In the Philippine Science High School.
• Wow! Do you like it there?
• Yes, I do. It's challenging and I'm also learning a lot.
• Which of the two conversations is better?
• Which uses strategies to encourage communication?
• Can you identify these strategies?
• Conversation


  A face-to face verbal interaction between two or more persons for the purpose of communicating and belonging
• Strategies in Encouraging Conversation

  • Using a short response to show that you are listening
  • Using an auxiliary to ask a question
  • Repeating a keyword or phrase
  • Asking follow-up informative questions
  • Using body language that you are listening
  • Expanding comments or suggestions
• To encourage conversation going, one can use short responses, ask questions, repeat keywords, ask follow-up questions, use body language, and expand comments.
• Communication strategies are important because they help maintain the smooth flow of the conversation and contribute to the cooperative undertaking.
• When analysing markets, a range of assumptions are made about the rationality of economic agents involved in the transactions
• The Wealth of Nations was written

  1776
• Rational


  (in classical economic theory) economic agents are able to consider the outcome of their choices and recognise the net benefits of each one
• Consumers act rationally by


  Maximising their utility