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biology
microbiology and pathogens
6.5-6.6 (pathogens + controlling endemics)
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abdul ahmed
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Cards (19)
Influenza virus - transmission
air droplets
influenza virus - mode of infection
injected
viral
RNA into
epithelial
cell
takes over cell
metabolism
produces
virions
viruses
assemble
cells
lyse
and release virions
influenza virus - pathogenic effect
headache
sore throat
vomiting
stem rust fungus - transmission
wind
dispersed
spores
host
crops
stem rust function - mode of infection
water causes
spores
to
germinate
hyphae
produced
which
enter
through
stomata
enzyme
digest
plant cell
stem rust fungus - pathogenic effects
loss of
nutrients
weakened
stem
pustules
on the epidermis
what is the malarial parasite?
plasmodium spp
malaria parasite - transmission
enters in
saliva
of female anophele
mosquito
as a
vector
during feeding
malaria parasite - mode of infection
parasite enters
red
blood cell
burst and release more
parasites
enters
liver
cells
rapid
asexual
reproduction
malaria parasite - pathogenic effects
fever
,
sweating
headache
liver
damage
how is malaria controlled?
reduces number of
mosquitos
reduces chance of being
bitten
using
drugs
to prevent plasmodium infecting
methods of controlling malaria
drain wetland
where mosquito breed
spray
with
insecticides
to kill
bed nets
release
sterilised
male mosquitos
issues with draining wetland?
not possible for
lakes
that are used for
food
+ income
large lakes span
multiple
countries (need
approval
)
impossible to control all
breeding
sites
issue with
spraying insecticides
?
chemicals
harm the
beneficial
insects too.
issue with using bed nets?
some
mosquitos
bite during day too.
some
cultures
not used to it
issue
with using preventative drugs?
resulted in drug
resistant
strains
expensive
side effects
advances in controlling malaria
dipstick
tests for diagnosis. does not require a
lab
plasmodium genome has been
sequenced.
helps
vaccine
development
issues when considering vaccines?
safety
hard to gain
informed consent
money spent developing could be spent on
prevention
what is the role of the scientific community?
provides
guidelines
develops and tests
treatments
develop accurate
diagnostic
tools