daniela saspa

• Representing genotype


  1. Using letters of the alphabet to stand for each allele passed from parents

  2. Capital letter represents dominant allele

  3. Lower case letter represents recessive allele
• Genetics


  The study of heredity and how traits in offspring are based upon those of the parents
• Inherit


  Have a character or traits because of the genes that you get from your parents when you are born
• Traits


  • Inherited characteristics
• Heredity


  The process in which traits (characteristics that can be passed only from a living thing to its young) are passed from parents to offspring
• Dominant traits


  Traits that dominate the other
• Recessive traits


  Traits that were either prevented or hidden by the dominant traits
• Genes


  Part of cell that controls/influences the appearance of a trait
• Alleles


  Pair of genes which control the traits
• There are usually two allele possibilities for every trait
• Punnett square


  A grid system that can be used to predict the possible outcomes that may result from the mating process between two individuals when their genotypes are known
• The Punnett square is named after Reginald C. Punnett who devised the approach
• Gregor Mendel


  Known as the Father of Genetics
• Gregor Mendel proposed the key principles of genetics from his work on inheritance in pea plants in 1866
• Principle of dominance


  The dominant trait dominates or prevents the expression of the recessive traits
• Law of segregation


  The pair of genes segregate or separate from each other during gamete formation
• Law of independent assortment


  The distribution of one pair of genes is independent of the distribution of other pairs of genes
• Mitosis is a process of cell growth and repair, resulting in two daughter cells that are genetically identical to the parent cell
• Meiosis is a process of cell division that produces four genetically distinct daughter cells, used in sexual reproduction
• Genotype


  The genetic make-up of an organism, represented by letters for each allele
• Phenotype


  The physical result of a gene combination
• Homozygous


  Having two identical genes/alleles
• Heterozygous


  Having two contrasting alleles
• Chromosome


  A structure found inside the nucleus of a cell, made up of proteins and DNA organized into genes
• DNA (Deoxyribonucleic acid)


  A self-replicating molecule that is present in nearly all living organisms as the main constituent of chromosomes, and is the carrier of genetic information
• Genetics


  The study of heredity and how traits in offspring are based upon those of the parents
• Inherit


  Have a character or traits because of the genes that you get from your parents when you are born
• Traits


  • Inherited characteristics
• Heredity


  The process in which traits (characteristics that can be passed only from a living thing to its young) are passed from parents to offspring
• Dominant traits


  Traits that dominate the other
• Recessive traits


  Traits that were either prevented or hidden by the dominant traits
• Genes


  Part of cell that controls/influences the appearance of a trait
• Alleles


  Pair of genes which control the traits
• There are usually two allele possibilities for every trait
• Punnett square


  A grid system that can be used to predict the possible outcomes that may result from the mating process between two individuals when their genotypes are known
• The Punnett square is named after Reginald C. Punnett who devised the approach
• Gregor Mendel


  Known as the Father of Genetics
• Gregor Mendel proposed the key principles of genetics from his work on inheritance in pea plants in 1866
• Principle of dominance


  The dominant trait dominates or prevents the expression of the recessive traits
• Law of segregation


  The pair of genes segregate or separate from each other during gamete formation