Science of Nutrition midterm

• Diet record and analysis tool

  is a valuable resource for individuals to track their food intake and evaluate their dietary habits.
• Diet record and analysis tool

  records all food and beverages consumed over a specific period, usually a few days.
• Diet record and analysis tool


  helps individuals identify patterns, assess nutrient intake, and make necessary adjustments to achieve a balanced diet
• Role of the mouth in mechanical and chemical digestion


  food is mechanically broken down through chewing and mixed with saliva, which contains enzymes that initiate the chemical breakdown of carbohydrates
• Role of the stomach in mechanical and chemical digestion


  muscular contractions and the secretion of gastric juices further break down into a semi-liquid mixture called chyme
• Role of the intestinal tract in mechanical and chemical digestion


  enzymes from the pancreas and bile from the liver aid in the breakdown of fats, proteins, and carbohydrates into absorbable nutrients.
• Role of bacteria in the digestive process


  resides in the intestines
• Role of bacteria in the digestive process


  helps break down certain indigestible fibers
• Role of bacteria in the digestive process


  produces vitamins and supports immune function
• Dangers of antibiotic use


  causes an imbalance in gut balance which can lead to digestive disorders
• Daily meal plans that incorporate all macronutrients while minimizing unhealthy rises in blood sugar and fat storage


  includes lean proteins such as chicken or fish
• Daily meal plans that incorporate all macronutrients while minimizing unhealthy rises in blood sugar and fat storage


  includes complex carbohydrates such as whole grains or sweet potatoes
• Daily meal plans that incorporate all macronutrients while minimizing unhealthy rises in blood sugar and fat storage


  includes healthy fats like avocado or olive oil
• Daily meal plans that incorporate all macronutrients while minimizing unhealthy rises in blood sugar and fat storage

  includes fruits and vegetables
• Homeostatic control of blood sugar after a meal


  blood sugar levels rise, triggering the release of insulin to help transport glucose into cells for energy or storage
• Homeostatic control of blood sugar between meals

  blood sugar levels are maintained through the release of glucagon, which stimulates the breakdown of stored glycogen into glucose
• Homeostatic control of blood sugar under stress conditions

  the hormone epinephrine is released, which causes a rapid increase in blood sugar levels to provide energy for the body's response to stress.
• Types of healthy fatty acids

  unsaturated fats such as monosaturated and polyunsaturated fats.
• Healthy fatty acids


  can be found in foods such as avocados, nuts, seeds, and fatty fish like salmon.
• Unhealthy fatty acids


  saturated fats
• Saturated fats


  are found in animal products like red meat and full-fat dairy