Skeletal System

• Axial skeleton: Contains bones that lie around the central axis of the body. Responsible for erect posture and protection
• Appendicular skeleton: Composed of the upper and lower limbs. Responsible for movement.
• Functions of the skeletal system:

  • Supports the body
  • Provides shape/ framework
  • Protects soft organs
  • Movement
  • Storage of fats and minerals
  • Blood cell formation
• Short bones:

  • Shaped like a cube
  • Gives strength
  • Compact
  • Limited movement
  • E.g carpals, patella, tarsals
• Long bones:

  • Long in shape
  • Support weight
  • Help facilitate movement
  • E.g radius, ulna, phalanges
• Flat bones:

  • Broad, flat plates
  • Provide protection
  • Large surface area for attachment
  • E.g cranium, pelvis, sternum
• Irregular bones:

  • Complex shapes that cannot be easily categorized
  • Protect the nervous system
  • Muscle attachment
  • Support
  • E.g vertebrae, mandible, and sacrum