Unit 5

• Information - Refers to Facts and figures acquired from learning, research or communication
• Information Sources - Refers to people, groups, and records from which data is gathered
• Informant - Someone who provides details about his/her language, values, beliefs, or culture to a researcher
• Library - Place with a collection of books, periodicals, and other resources organized through a classification system
• Librarian - Is a professional who manages the library. 
• Academic Library - Supports the curriculum for universities and other educational institutions. It is also a research arm for scholarly papers and related works.
• Public Library - Supported by taxes and the government.
• School Library - Caters to both students and educators. 
• Special Library - Serves a specific group of people, usually based on a discipline. Collections are focused on a specific area of interest. They are maintained by a certain business organization, professional association, or government agency. 
• Internet - Refers to a global system that links computer networks under the same set of communication protocols. 
• 5 Criteria for Evaluating Resources:

  Authority

  Accuracy

  Objective

  Currency

  Coverage
• Authority - Identify the author of the content. Know his/her credentials. 
• Accuracy - For journals, make sure that it is peer - reviewed. 
• Accuracy -  This is when the information has been checked by other known researchers or organizations. Verify the names, dates, figures, and places mentioned. Additionally, check the grammar, format, and other writing mechanics
• Authority - For scholarly works, check if he/she has other publications, experience in the industry or topic, professional affiliations, and educational background. 
• Objectivity - Assess if the author is biased or not through how he/she organized and justified his/her information.
• Currency - Look at the date when the material is published. 
• Coverage - Know the scope of the information presented. Compare the coverage from one source to the other. Some sources may cover a part of the topic. It is best to look for other sources until you find more sufficient information.
• Fact Checking - Confirming the accuracy of information made in a speech, research, news article, or editorial. 
• Indigenous - is synonymous to words such as native or local
• Indigenous knowledge - Refers to distinctive facts, information, and skills thatoriginate in a community of people sharing the samebeliefs, ideas, and cultures. 
• Indigenous Media - Refers to the communicative tools and resources of the indigenouspeoples. It is also known as community media.
• Indigenous communication - Refers to the information exchange via local channels. A way of culture preservation and adaptation. Tracing back to Philippine history
• Umalokohan - are known as the town criers of an ancient barangay or awell-organized independent village. They announce laws ordered bythe Datu or chieftain to reach the community.
• Kapihan - Refers to a place or a session where community members come together to share stories over a cup of coffee.
• Balitaktakan - Refers to a discussion or debate where members are free to voice out their opinion about a certain topic. Members exchange ideas to come up with a feasible solution to a community problem.
• Kuwentong barbero - Is a Filipino idiom that is often associated to hearsay. Its origin may be stemmed from local men who goes to barbershops not only to get a good haircut but to listen to the barber’s stories. Thus, a barber’s story is passed down from one customer to another until it reaches the community
• Media language - involves the study of codes, conventions, and genre
• Codes - are structure and arrangement of signs that are decoded to produce meaning. 
• 3 General type of codes:

  Technical

  Symbolic

  Written
• Technical Codes - utilize tools or equipment to convey a certain message to media. 
• Camera Angles - Refers to how the camera is placed and how objects, people, and places are shot.

  A) Extreme close up

  B) close up

  C) Medium close up

  D) medium shot

  E) long shot

  F) extreme long shot

  G) point of view shot

  H) birds eye view

  I) worms eye view

  
• Lighting - is the selective use of natural or artificial light to create a certain effect. 
• Symbolic Code – This type of code is all about association and connotation reflected in the physical aspect of the objects, colors, or even animals. Symbolic codes may also take in a form of setting, clothing, verbal and non-verbal gestures like facial expression and tone. 
• Written codes - Buzzwords like new, fresh, cool that may seem pleasant to hear yet empty value
• CATCHPHRASE - an easily remembered expression that has been associated to certain products. 
• you and only you - Is another sub-category of written codes. 
• conventions - are the rules or norms on how codes are organized and presented to the audience. 
• Contest - involve competition among players including game shows, quizzes, and sports. 
• actualities - include all news, documentary, and reality programming. They are objective and unemotional in principle.