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• Disaster


  A serious disruption of the functioning of a community or a society involving widespread human, material, economic, or environmental losses and impacts which exceeds the ability of the affected community or society to cope using its own resources
• Disasters are often associated with large-scale destructive events such as typhoon, earthquakes, and volcanic eruptions
• Some communities have ways of reducing the impact of hazards so that they do not become disastrous
• Factors that contribute to the vulnerability of a community


  • Being homeless or financially challenged
  • Education
  • Climate change
  • Human-induced environmental changes
• Disaster


  A sudden, calamitous event that catches residents by surprise and disrupts the functions of a community, causing property, economic, and environmental losses, or loss of lives
• Disasters can also be human-made brought about by poor planning
• Disaster


  The result of the combination of hazards, exposure, vulnerability, and risks
• Disaster risk


  The risk to disaster as a result of vulnerability and natural hazards
• WRI indicators group


  • Exposure
  • Susceptibility
  • Coping capacity
  • Adaptive capacity
• Adaptive capacity


  The size of a population that can survive on available resources
• The Philippines is ranked as the third highest country at risk to disasters according to the 2015 World Risk Report
• Underlying risk factors in disaster


  • Acceptable risk
  • Residual risk
  • National disaster risk
  • Extensive disaster risk
  • Intensive disaster risk
• Primary effects


  Direct effects manifested from the disaster event itself
• Secondary effects


  Effects that arise from primary effects
• Tertiary effects


  Effects that arise from secondary effects, may be caused by multiple primary and tertiary effects, and usually take a longer time to manifest
• Disasters can be analyzed from physical, psychological, sociocultural, economic, political, and biological perspectives to provide more comprehensive data for disaster risk reduction and disaster response

  
• you consider a disaster in your hobby? What is the various risk factor that can increase the chances of a disaster?
• The varying effects of disasters involve various parts of society. With this, it is worth looking into how is seen from different perspectives: physical, psychological, sociocultural, economic, political, and biological Disasters analyzed from different points of view shall provide more comprehensive data for disaster risk reduction and disaster response.

  
• Physical perspective


  • Sees visible and tangible materials, natural or manmade, that have been affected by disasters
  • Acknowledges the presence of destroyed Infrastructure and buildings, habitats, and properties, among others
• Physical perspective


  • Destroyed roads cause people to use alternative routes
  • The physical damages reduce an area's economic value
• Psychological perspective


  • Focuses on people's mental health in response to disaster impacts
  • Acknowledges the after effects of disasters such as anxiety, state of shock, trauma, disbelief, or depression, among others
  • Involves psychological rehabilitation from the LGUs
• Psychological perspective


  • People receive post-traumatic counseling after being affected by a severe typhoon
  • War victims experience "War shock" after returning to their homes
• Sociocultural perspective


  • Highlights how people respond collectively to disasters based on their perceptions
  • Religions, sectors, values, cultures, and beliefs all affect how people respond
• Sociocultural perspective


  • Filipinos exemplify bayanihan, especially during hard times
• Economic perspective


  • Investigates the communities' economic activities and their disruption
  • Involves analysis of quantifiable factors such as impacts on the health and safety of people, economic progress, and environmental processes
• Economic perspective


  • Transportation of goods either by land or sea, depending on the hazard, is disrupted
  • The disruption of business operations leads to a gradual decrease in the gross domestic product (GDP)
• Political perspective


  • Mainly targets how government services are utilized to reduce disaster risk and disaster losses
  • Considers the lack of institutional and non-institutional capacities due to unbalanced political power and governance
• Political perspective


  • The president gives a talk on budget allocation for disaster response
  • The LGU officials do not properly allocate relief aid to disaster victims
• Biological perspective


  • Recognizes the possibility of disease outbreaks after an occurrence of a disaster
  • The health condition of people after a disaster provides an avenue for widespread infection, especially if basic medical services are not provided
• Biological perspective


  • The enhancement of COVID-19 pandemic response
• People often become consumed with their own sake that they forget that how they think and act affects others. In understanding disasters, it is worth the time to look into how experts in disaster risk science view disaster events. As discussed, globalization has led people to be highly interconnected and interdepend with each other. Understanding how one factor can affect others would be crucial in controlling the amount of damage to the whole community.
• Hazards, either natural or man-made, always carry the probability of creating damage in multiple aspects of one's life. Whether it is faulty electrical wiring of a building or a potential earthquake near a fault, hazards are always around, waiting to turn into a disaster.
• The potential impact of a hazard can be estimated using a variety of techniques. Usually, disasters occur for a person to realize which aspect of a community contributes to hazards. Recording historical information is imperative for understanding each hazard phenomenon
• Hazards turn to disasters depending on the level of disaster risk. The level of disaster risk depends on the vulnerability of the various exposed elements. Hazards are usually classified as such after data from past disasters have been analyzed. Similarly, disasters occurring may aggravate the conditions of a community on a permanent scale. In addition, interactions between hazards may also occur as time passes by, which can all lead to different types of disaster impact.
• Disasters are potential hazards materializing. Like hazards, they originate from natural to man-made causes. They occur at the highest point of disaster risk.
• Understanding the contributors and sources of risk can tell whether an area or community is ripe for a disaster. Underlying risks provide a good map of what to expect in a community.
• Understanding the effects of disasters entails looking through different lenses. Physical, psychological, sociocultural, economic, political, and biological perspectives must all be investigated to create a comprehensive view of the disaster risk encasing a community, be it as small as a barangay or as big as a country.

  
• Hazard


  A potentially damaging physical event that may cause the loss of life or injury, property damage, social and economic disruption, or environmental degradation
• Types of hazards


  • Natural hazards
  • Human-induced hazards
• Natural hazards


  • Mostly connected to natural events and processes