Science : cell cycle and cell division
Cards (38)
- Cell - Basic unit of life.
- 2 types of cell
- animal
- plant
- Zygote - sperm cell + Egg cell.
- Cellular Reproduction - duplicates itself to produce another cell.
- Procreation - another term form of reproduction.
- Cell Cycle - series of cellular events that lead to cellular growth and cell division.
- Cell Cycle 2 main stages
- Interphase
- M phase
- Interphase - Cellular growth
- M phase - Cellular division
- Interphase - longest stage (90% of cell's life)
- G2 Phase - Preparing for cell division
- S Phase - Replicating DNA
- G1 - doubling the size of cell
- 2 types of cell division
- Mitosis
- Meiosis
- Mitosis is used to make new cells from existing ones, it produces two genetically identical daughter cells.
- Meiosis is used to produce gametes (egg or sperm) which are haploid with half the number of chromosomes as normal body cells.
- Cytokinesis - cell's split.
- mitosis occurs in body cell or somatic cells
- 4 stages of mitosis
- prophase
- metaphase
- anaphase
- telophase
- mitosis produces diploid cells
- meiosis produces haploid cells
- sex cells/ gametes
- body cells or somatic cell
- Prophase - repeated coiling of chromosomes occurs resulted to its thicker and shorter structure- made up of two sister chromatids that are identical to each other- two chromatids are still attached at the centromere
- dna - Deoxyribonucleic acid
- Metaphase - Chromosomes align at the equatorial plane
- each spindle fiber from both centrosomes connects to each chromosome throught its kinetochore
- Anaphase - separation of the genetically identical sister chromatids
- telophase - cleavage furrows forms at both ends of the metaphase plate.
- spermatogenesis - production of sperm
- oogenesis - egg cells
- reduction division phase -two daughter cells produce after meiosis 1, each daughter cell is carrying haploid number of chromosomes
- Prophase 1 - homologous chromosomes start to pair off through the process known as synapsis
- Metaphase 1 - spindle fibers from the centrosomes of each pole connect to tetrads throught kinetochores.
- Anaphase 1 - spindle fibers begin to contract and separate the tetrads
- telophase 1 - chromosomes decondense
- Chromosomes - coiled structure of dna
- centromere - middle part of the chromosomes