exam

• 4 step in tissue repair

  1. homeotasis
  2. inflamation
  3. proliferation
  4. remodelling
• define cell injury

  • cell injury result when the cell are stressed and they no longer to adapt the situation or when cell are exposed to damaging agents
• what is inflamation

  • inflamation is body defense mechanims against tissue damage and infections
• explain arteriosclerosis

  • fat deposits in the wall of vessels leads to hardening and destruction
• risk and factor arteriosclerosis (non modifiable)

  • age - middle late
  • sex- males , complication
  • genetic
  • family history
• risk and factor arteriosclerosis (pontentially modifiable)

  • hyperlipidemia
  • hypertension
  • smoking
  • diabetes
  • life style
• define rheumatoid arthritis

  • system chronic inflammatory disease affecting but principally attacking the joint
  • inflammation leads to joint damage
• treament for RA

  • education
  • physical therapy
  • drug - analgesis
  • surgery
• diffrence between epidemiology , sporadic , endemic ,epidemic and pandemic

  • pandemic : occurs if the disease spread to multiple area
  • endemic: usual prevalence of a disease within geographic area
  • sporadic : a disease that occurs infrequently
  • epidemic : is disease that occurs with specific geographical area
  • epidemiology : study how disease spread to communities
• biotermism agent disease :-

  category A: high priority agents (easily to transmitted or disminted from person to person)

  category B: Second highest priority agents (moderate mobidity rates and low motality rates)

  category C: Third higher priority agents (high morbidity and mortality rates)
• people who highly risk tb

  • people with diabetes melitus
  • people living with HIV
  • people recently infected with mycobacterium tuberculosis
  • individual who spend significant with infections person
• general pathology

  • study of reaction of cell and tissue to injury
• sytemic pathology

  • study of sytemic diesase that effect system or entire organism
• accute inflamation

  • develop within minutes or hours it is short duration
• chronic infalammtion

  • prolonged inflammation
  • weeks to month to year it is active inflamtion
• etiology of tb

  • caused by bacterium called mycobacterium tuberculosis
• pathology

  • study about disease in all perpective
  • study of nature and causes of disease
• general patholgy

  • study of reaction of cell and tissue to injury
• systemic pathology

  • study of systemic disease that effect system or entire organism
• cell injury

  • cell injury results when cell are stress and they are no longer to adapt situation
• factor involved cell injury

  • oxygen deprivation
  • aging
  • chemical agents and drug
  • nutrional imbalances
• irrevisble

  • when continue damage , the injury become irrevisble at the same time the cell cannot recover
• factor that effect aging

  • biological
  • disease
  • lifestyle
• 3 inflamatory cell

  • neutrophils
  • monocyte
  • lymphocyte
• inflamation

  • body defense mechanims againts tissue damage and infections
• necrosis

  • occurs after abnormal stress as ishemia and chemical injury
• apoptosis

  • programmed cell death charateristic by nuclear dissolution
• tissue repair refers to restoration of tissue architecture and functioning after an injury
• regeneration is growth of protien and tissue replaced lost structure
• fibrosis used to decribe extensive deposition of collegen that occurs is kidney , lung , liver
• healing is response to tissue

  • wound (commonly skin )
  • inflamation process in internal organ
  • cell necrosis in cell
• stem cell with capacity to generate multiple lineage are present in bone marrow and several tissue adult
• phenotype is observables characteristic or physical charateristic of organism
• genotype

  • makeup genetics or combination of alleles that control each charateristic
• cancer caexchia

  • proggresive weakness , lose of appetite, anaemia and profound weightloss
• immunity refers to protection against infections

  A condition being able to resist a particular disease by preventing development of pathogenic organism
• cancer treatment

  • surgery
  • chemotherapy
  • immunotherapy
  • radiotherapy
  • hormon therapy
• complication of cancer

  • pneumomia
  • caxhia
  • renal failure
  • bleeding
  • infection
• diagnosis cancer

  • clinical
  • gross
  • cytology
  • histiology