SCIENCE CONSTELLATIONS

• CONSTELLATIONS- is a group of stars forming a recognizable pattern that is traditionally named after its apparent form or identified with a mythological figure.
• IAU - The International Astronomical Union
• Asterism - a pattern of stars that is not a constellation. This can be part of a constellation.
• The Big Dipper - is an asterism because it is just a part of Ursa Major (The Great Bear)
• Stars - are light years apart in space.
• One light-year - is equivalent to about 5.88 trillion miles
• Constellations are divided into two groups: • Northern Hemisphere Constellations • Southern Hemisphere Constellations
• Circumpolar constellations - are constellations that appear to move in a counterclockwise direction.
• ORION: • Known as "The Hunter" •Located at the celestial
• URSA MAJOR: • Known as "Big Bear"
• CASSIOPEΙΑ:

  • boastful wife of King Cepheus.
• DRACO: • Visible in the Northern Hemisphere • Known as "The Dragon" derived from Latin term draconem meaning huge serpent
• HERCULES: • Herakles in Greek; Hercules in Roman
• Stars - are formed when a gas of cloud out in the nebula collapses.
• Sun is classified as main sequence star (yellow dwarf star) and it is at the central part of the evolutionevolution.
• the hottest stars generate the most light and the coolest generate the least.
• SIZE AND MASS: About 90% of stars are main sequence stars.
• Blue Rigel - is one of the most luminous of all stars (36,000 times than of the sun)
• COLOR: Stars generally appear as white in the sky.
• The longer the period, the more luminous the star is.
• Cepheid stars - are a type of variable star that pulsates radially
• stars farther than 100 light years, astronomers used the - Cepheid variable stars.
• Cepheid variable stars - was devised by American astronomer Henrietta Leavitt in 1912.
• The closest star beyond the Sun - Proxima Centauri, 40 trillion kilometers from Earth
• Parsec is the standard unit of distance 1 parsec = 3.26 light years
• The smaller the parallax shift, the farther from Earth the star is.
• stars seem to shift their positions against the farther stars and this is called the parallax shift.
• Parallax - is the measurement of the shift of a nearby object
• A bigger star is more luminous than a smaller one of the same temperature
• Luminosity of stars depends on their size and temperature.
• A hotter star is more luminous than a cooler one of the same radius.
• Luminosity - is the power of a star or the rate at which the star radiates light energy.
• brightness of the star as viewed from the earth at a distance of 10 parsecs (pc) or 32.6 light yearsyears.
• astronomers also describe the actual brightness of a star using the term absolute magnitude.
• The apparent magnitude (m) is the brightness of the star as viewed from the earth.
• The magnitude of a star is based on a more than 2,000-year-old scale which was devised by Greek astronomer Hipparchus in 125 BC.
• The brightness of a star is described in terms of magnitude and luminosity.
• Planets moves slowly against the background constellation while stars appear static in the sky.