Unit 3: 1754-1800

• What led Britain to asserting stronger control over the colonies?

  Although victorious, Britain accumulated a large amount of debt from the French and Indian War, and blamed the colonists for dragging them into it.
• The French and Indian War began due to... (2)

  Intensified rivalry between the colonial territories as both began to expand, and British colonies disrupted both French trading routes and Indian territory

  Specifically the land dispute between British and French colonists over the Ohio River Valley
• What actions did Britain take in order to provoke the colonists into waging the Revolutionary War? (4)

  Passed Proclamation of 1763, which prohibited colonists from expanding west into the new land that they had fought to acquire in the French Indian War

  Imposed higher taxes through Sugar Act, Stamp Act, and Townshend Acts (without representation of the colonists in Parliament)

  Passed Navigation Acts which limited colonists to trade with Britain alone

  Increased military presence in the colonies and the Quartering Act, which required colonists to open their homes to soldiers whenever they requested
• Salutary neglect

  The term referring to Britain's former way of governing the colonies before the French and Indian war, which allowed the colonists a greater sense of autonomy
• What contributed to colonists' gained sense of an American identity apart from being British subjects? (4)

  Fighting alongside British soldiers who viewed the colonists as separate and below them, therefore causing colonists to view themselves as separate too

  Ideals of the Enlightenment such as John Locke's natural rights of equality and freedom (plus the right to the pursuit of happiness) which gave them determination to resist tyranny

  The defending of their right to self-govern despite Britain's attempt to reclaim control

  The presence of other nations on the continent which forced the colonists to sustain their own borders and trade relations
• Explain the impact of the American Revolution on society and women afterward? (2)

  Brought awareness to societal inequalities and led to an abolitionist movement targeted toward slavery, which pointed out how it contradicted the values of freedom and equality which the nation was built upon

  The idea of "republican motherhood" emerged, which tasked women with raising patriotic sons who understand and support the ideals of the new republic
• Describe the global impact of revolution. (1)

  The fight for independence inspired revolutions in other parts of the world such as France and Haiti
• What were errors which resulted under the Articles of Confederation?

  Conflict with interstate and global trade, finances, and maintaining foreign relations all called for stronger federal power.
• Northwest Ordinance

  A major success of the Articles of Confederation; provided method for admitting new states and a guaranteed Bill of Rights for states within the Northwest territory, as well as a ban on slavery
• Explain the Federalist and Anti-Federalist parties.

  Federalist: figures such as Alexander Hamilton and James Madison who supported ratifying the Constitution because of the conflicts which existed at the time due to a lack of central power; secured ratification by adding the Bill of Rights to ensure the protection of basic liberties

  Anti-Federalist: against ratification of the new Constitution, fearing that the power it gave the federal government would allow for the same tyrannical leadership that Britain had employed
• Federalism

  The division and sharing of powers between state and national governments
• Ideals of Democratic-Republican party

  Committed to principles of personal freedom, being able to move up the social hierarchy, and westward expansion
• Where were divisions between the Federalist party and Democratic-Republican party evident? (4)

  Sectional divide: federalist support mainly existed in North and West, while Democratic-Republicans gained Southern support

  National bank: Federalists supported central bank while Democratic-Republicans thought it would be overpowered

  Government: Federalists wanted strong central government; Democratic-Republicans supported limited central government

  Economic future: federalists favored manufacturing interests while Democratic-Republicans wanted an agrarian yeoman-farmer nation
• What were the main points of Washington's farewell address? (3)

  Avoid political parties, remain neutral in international conflicts, and maintain national unity
• French and Indian War dates (hint: in 1700s)

  1754-1763
• What are the major events/topics of this time period? (4)

  French and Indian War (1754-1763)

  American Revolution (1765-1783)

  Articles of Confederation and the Constitution