Nutrition

• What is anaemia?


  A condition characterised by a reduced ability of the body to deliver enough oxygen to the cells due to a lack of healthy red blood cells.
• What is cartilage?


  Connective tissue that protects and cushions the joints, and provides structure and support to various body tissues.
• What is cholesterol?


  A type of fat required for optimal functioning of the body that in excess can lead to a range of health concerns including the blocking of arteries (atherosclerosis). It can be 'bad' low-density lipoprotein (LDL) or 'good' high-density lipoprotein (HDL) .
• What are dental caries?


  Decay of teeth caused by a breakdown in the tissues that make up the tooth.
• What are discretionary foods?


  Foods and drinks not necessary to provide nutrients the body needs, but that may add variety. However, many of these foods are high in kilojoules and therefore described as energy dense. - (the amount of energy or calories in a particular weight of food)
• What is food security?


  When all people, at all times, have physical and economic access to sufficient, safe and nutritious food that meets their dietary needs and food preferences for an active and healthy life.
• What is Glycaemic Index?


  A scale from 0 to 100 indicating the effect on blood glucose of foods containing carbohydrates.
• What is haemoglobin?


  A component of blood, largely consisting of iron and protein, that transports oxygen throughout the body - (the iron from the haemmoglobin is what makes the blood RED).
• What is hard tissue?


  Tissue in the body that forms hard substances such as bones, teeth and cartilage.
• What are kilojoules?


  A unit for measuring energy intake or expenditure.
• What are macronutrients?


  Nutrient that is required by the body in large amounts (for e.g. protein, carbohydrates, fats).
• What is metabolism?


  A collection of chemical reactions that take place in the body's cells. Metabolism converts the fuel in the food we eat into energy.
• What are micronutrients?


  Nutrient that is required by the body in small amounts (for e.g. minerals and vitamins.
• What is osteoporosis?


  A condition characterised by a reduction in bone mass that makes bones more likely to break and fracture.
• What is peak bone mass?


  The maximum bone mass (i.e. density and strength) reached in early childhood.
• What is a protective nutrient?


  Any nutrient that acts to protect a person from a certain condition – vitamins A and C.
• What is a risk nutrient?


  Any nutrient that increases the chances of developing a certain condition – e.g. too much sodium.
• What are some functions of water?


  Hydration, weight management, assists with bodily chemical reactions, aids digestion, controls body temperature.
• What are examples of food selection models?


  The Australian Guide to Healthy Eating, the Healthy Eating Pyramid, and the Health Star Rating System.
• What are some long-term consequences of nutritional imbalance?


  Obesity, osteoporosis, cardiovascular disease, anaemia, high cholesterol.
• What is the difference between a nutrition and a dietician?

   
• What is the difference between a nutritionist and a dietician?


  A nutritionist works in community settings and can provide basic health and nutrition advice to many people whereas a dietician can provide individualistic advice to people depending on their dietary requirements and conditions.
• What is the REAL strategy?


  R: Read the URL

  E: Examine the site's contents

  A: Ask about the author's name

  L: Look at the links
• Carbohydrates, protein and fats are needed by the body in large amounts and are often called?

  Macronutrients
• What are properties of Saturated Fats?


  Found in fatty cuts of meat, is considered a 'bad' fat
• What are properties of Monounsaturated fats?


  Liquid at room temperature, is considered a 'good' fat
• What are properties of Polyunsaturated fats?


  Foods such as natural oils (olive oil, canola oil), avocadoes, and nut butters, considered a 'good' fat
• What are properties of Trans fats?


  Trans fats interfere with cell membranes and cause high glucose levels, considered an 'ugly' fat
• What does fibre do?


  Assists the movement of waste through the digestive system
• Consequences of under consumption of fibre?

  Constipation, which results in discomfort, weight gain/loss, risk of colorectal cancer.
• What is the function of calcium?

  Calcium assists with the strengthening and growth of bones and other hard tissues.
• When is more iron needed?


  More iron is needed when blood volume increases, especially during menstruation and pregnancy
• What is the main role of Vitamin D?

  The main role of vitamin D is to absorb calcium into the bloodstream
• What is the role of the B group vitamins?


  B group vitamins are essential in the process of metabolising and converting fuels into energy.
• Short term consequences of insufficient B group vitamins?

  Feelings of fatigue, reduced fitness levels, decreased concentration
• Short term consequences of excessive sodium consumption?


  Hypertension, increased blood pressure, risk of cardiovascular disease and strokes
• Consequences of under consumption of iron and folate?


  Low energy levels, anaemia
• What are some social factors that act as enablers/barriers?


  Family, friends, socioeconomic status, and social media