Biochemistry

• Firmly attached cofactor


  Prosthetic Group
• Acted on by the enzyme: goes in active site


  Substrate
• Binds to regulatory site, causes enzyme to stop functioning


  Negative Effector
• Loosely attached cofactor


  Coenzyme
• Created in chemical reaction


  Product
• Binds to the regulatory site, causes enzyme to function

  Positive effector
• Where the substrate fits

  Active Site
• Protein part of enzyme

  Apoenzyme
• Where the effector molecule binds; like an keyhole

  Regulatory Site
• Stops enzyme by binding to spot other than active site


  Non-competitive inhibitor
• Non-protein part of enzyme

  Cofactor
• Stops enzyme by going in active site

  Competitive inhibitor
• Apoenzyme and cofactor together

  Holoenzyme
• At least one double carbon to carbon bond is found in unsaturated fats. True or False?


  True
• What is the sugar of DNA


  Deoxyribose
• What is the sugar of RNA


  Ribose
• Substrates are analogous to 


  Keys
• Active Sites are analogous to


  Keyholes
• Sterols are carbon chains. True or False

  False. Sterols are lipids
• What is an Amino acids biochemical term

  Protein
• What is a lipids biochemical term

  Fat
• What is a sugars biochemical term

  Carbohydrate
• What is nucleic acids biochemical term


  DNA
• What does allosteric control make use of 


  Positive and negative effectors. 
• What does Maltose consist of

  2 glucose molecules
• What can denature enzymes (proteins)

  1. pH higher that the optimal
  2. pH lower that the optimal
  3. Temperatures higher than the optimal
• Sucrose is a combination of:


  Glucose and Fructose
• What breaks down starch

  Amylase
• Humans and some bacteria store energy in form of:


  Glycogen
• What are the monosaccharides

  • Glucose
  • Fuctose
  • Galactose
• Two or more polypeptide Chains

  Quaternary Structure
• Folding over and above alpha helix and beta sheet


  Tertiary structure
• Sequnce of amino acids

  Primary structure
• Alpha helix and beta sheet


  Secondary structure
• Phospholipids are made up of


  Two carbon chains and a phosphate group held together by a glycerol molecule
• Lactose is made up of 


  Glucose and galactose
• What bases are found in DNA


  Guanine, Adenine, Thymine, & Cytosine
• Sucrase breaks down


  Sucrose
• Beta-Galactosidase breaks down


  Lactose
• Maltase breaks down


  Maltose