Central Dogma

• During transcription 


  the template stand of the DNA is copied.
• RNA separates when RNA polymerase reaches the Pribnow (TATA) box. True or false

  False
• Single-Stranded Binding Proteins


  Hold DNA apart
• DNA Ligase


  Forms phosphate bonds
• Ribosomes


  Are used for translation and contain rRNA
• Helicase


  Untwists DNA
• Primase


  Creates RNA primers
• DNA Gyrase


  Cuts one DNA strand
• mRNA contains


  codons
• DNA Polymerase III


  Performs most of the DNA synthesis
• tRNA contains


  anticodons
• RNA Polymerase is used for

  transcription
• DNA Polymerase I


  Removes RNA primers, synthesizes DNA
• Transcription comes before translation
• DNA polymerases are used for

  replication
• Translation begins at the oriC locus. True or False

  False
• The leading strand has less

  primers than the lagging strand.
• tRNA is used in translation
• DNA polymerase I removes RNA primers and synthesizes DNA between Okazaki fragments.
• The process of copying all DNA at once is called

  replication
• Ribosomes move along the mRNA in a process called translocation
• Translation is the transfer of information from


  RNA to protein
• Transcription and RNA Polymerase are applicable to the transfer of information of DNA to RNA?
• One or more genes copied and one strand is applicable to the transfer of information of DNA to RNA?
• The RNA primer provides a free 3' OH group necessary for DNA synthesis.
• DNA synthesis occurs in a 5' to 3' direction
• A hairpin loop and the rho factor are always needed to end transcription. True or False

  False
• Amino acids chain fold into three dimensional structures after translation has occurred.
• Sigma factor guides RNA polymerase to the promoter region
• The transfer of information from RNA to protein is called.


  Translation
• Amino acid chains are formed during translation
• Transpeptidation  occurs when one amino acid leaves a tRNA and attaches growing chain of amino acids on another tRNA
• -35 region


  Promoter region
• Necessary to end Transcription

  Hairpin loop
• -10 Region


  TATA or Pribnow Box
• May be required to end transcription

  Rho factor
• Discontinuous synthesis occurs on the lagging strand. 
• The attachment of an amino acid to a tRNA is called amino acid activation.
• During transcription, DNA separates when RNA polymerase reaches the -10 region.
• Replication occurs before cells divide