DRRR FINALS

• According to UNDRR, the Hyogo World Conference, also known as World Conference on Disaster Reduction (WCDR), took place in Kobe, Hyogo, Japan in January 2005, called by the United Nations and hosted by Japan.
• THE PEOPLE’S SURVIVAL FUND ACT OF 2009 (RA 10174)

  • supports climate change adaptation programs with an initial annual fund of P1 billion, subject to adjustments on availability and anticipated needs.
• CLIMATE CHANGE ACT OF 2009 (RA 9729)

  • acknowledges the constitutional right of the people to have a cleaner environment and mandates plans and strategies to reduce vulnerability of local communities, particularly among marginalized groups like the poor, women, and children.
• THE PHILIPPINE DISASTER RISK REDUCTION AND MANAGEMENT ACT OF 2010 (RA10121)

  • established the National Disaster Risk Reduction Management Council (NDRRMC) to enhance disaster resilience. The NDRRMC works with the national government, the local government units, and partners to reduce disaster risks, including those from climate change, and improve preparedness and response capabilities. It develops policies and plans to minimize risks and ensure effective response and recovery. The Office of Civil Defense, under the Department of National Defense, serves as the NDRRMC’s executive arm.
• CALAMITY HAZARD MITIGATION PROGRAM ACT (2010)

  • directs PHIVOLCS and PAGASA to create programs for reducing disasters in coastal areas, including hazard monitoring and early warning systems.
• DEPARTMENT OF DISASTER RESILIENCE ACT (2018)

  • mandates the establishment of the Department of Disaster Resilience, advised by NDRRMC, to prioritize disaster and climate risk reduction and foster local resilience and proactive recovery in vulnerable communities.
• BAYANIHAN (UNITED EFFORTS) TO HEAL AS ONE ACT (RA 11469)

  • was enacted in 2020 in response to the COVID-19 pandemic, granting emergency powers to the Philippine president to effectively address the crisis caused by the virus outbreak.
• DECLARATION OF STATE OF EMERGENCY

  In times of disaster, the national government can declare a state of emergency based on severity and population distress. This activates medical aid, relief efforts, and rehabilitation in line with existing plans and directives.
• Declaration of state of calamity: per section 3(11) 0f RA 10121

  • Signifies extensive casualties, property damage, and community disruption due to hazards. The president can declare it for any are upon NDRRMC’s advice. This triggers measures like price regulation, monitoring of traders, infrastructure funding reallocation, interest-free loans for affected populations.
• Prices of basic commodities are controlled

  • prices of basic things like food and water are controlled by the government to keep them affordable for everyone
• Buyers and traders are strictly monitored for overpricing, profiteering, or hoarding of prime commodities and basic necessities.

  • the government keeps a close watch to make sure that sellers don’t charge too much or hoard important things like medicine and food
• Adjustment of budget or funds are done for repair and safety upgrading of public infrastructure and facilities.

  • when public building or roads need fixing or making safer, the government adjusts its budget to pay for the repairs
• Government financial or lending instructions grant no-interest loans to the most affected section of the population.

  • banks or other money-lending places owned by the government give out loans with no extra charger to help people who are struggling the most.
• The calamity fund (CF) is reserved for assisting communities affected by hazards, managed by the NDRRMC with the Secretary of National Defense as chair and heads of key agencies as vice-chairpersons. It requires presidential approval and DBM release for allocation.
• The quick response fund (QRF) is standby funding for immediate disaster response, held by agencies like DPWH, DND-OSEC, DepEd, DSWD, and DA. Unlike CF, QRF doesn't need NDRRMC recommendation or presidential approval. However, if depleted, it follows the CF replenishment process.
• Prohibited acts of the law

  In disasters, communities face desperation, leading to theft, abuse, and looting for survival. NDRRMC ensures security, order, and justice still prevail especially for those who are more helpless and distraught. . Among the acts considered as crimes or offenses and are thus prohibited and may be grounds for penalties or fines, as cited in RA 10121 (Sec 19) are as follows:
• Priorities

  • Understanding disaster risk
  • Strengthening Disaster Risk Governance to Manage Disaster Risk
  • Investing in Disaster Risk Reduction for Resilience
  • Enhancing Disaster Preparedness for Effective Response to “Build Back Better” in Recovery, Rehabilitation, and Reconstruction
• Understanding Disaster Risk

  • Significant progress in data collection and updating of risk information has been achieved through technological tools like GIS, LiDAR, and IfSAR.
  • National technical agencies like PHIVOLCS, PAGASA, MGB, and NAMRIA have upgraded web portals, making risk assessments more convenient and accurate.
• Strengthening Disaster Risk Governance to Manage Disaster Risk

  • Before the establishment of the NDRRMC, the Philippines had existing legal frameworks for disaster risk reduction and management, emphasizing response-focused interventions and disaster preparedness.
  • The enactment of the Philippine Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Act of 2010 (RA 10121) became the primary legal instrument, fostering urgency in DRRM at various governance levels.
• Investing in Disaster Risk Reduction for Resilience

  • Efforts to improve risk-informed spatial planning are now part of LGU’s Comprehensive Land Use Plans.
  • The Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) framework, jointly updated the NEDA and LDRRMO, addresses disaster risks at various levels.
  • RA 10121 mandates allocating at least 5% of regular income to DRR programs, with 70% for prevention, mitigation, and preparedness, and 30% for the Quick Response Fund (QRF). This budget covers various activities such as infrastructure, equipment, supplies, training, and capacity-building.
• Enhancing Disaster Preparedness for Effective Response to “Build Back Better” in Recovery, Rehabilitation, and Reconstruction

  • a priority highlighted in previous modules. As of 2019, the NDRRMC Operation Center has been actively monitoring, evaluating, and coordinating disaster response operations.