Atmosphere

• Atmosphere


  The air that surrounds us and makes up the environment we live in. It is composed of a mixture of gases, primarily nitrogen and oxygen, and is made up of layers with different temperatures, pressure, and chemical composition.
• Layers of the atmosphere


  • Troposphere
  • Stratosphere
  • Mesosphere
  • Thermosphere
  • Exosphere
• Troposphere


  • Closest to the Earth's surface, layer in which we live, extends from the surface up to around 10-15 km, characterized by temperatures that decrease with altitude
• Stratosphere


  • Extends from the top of the troposphere up to around 50 km, characterized by temperatures that increase with altitude due to the presence of ozone
• Mesosphere


  • Extends from the top of the stratosphere up to around 85 km, characterized by temperatures that decrease with altitude and is the coldest layer in the atmosphere
• Thermosphere


  • Characterized by temperatures that increase with altitude due to the presence of charged particles that absorb energy from the sun
• Exosphere


  • Outermost layer of Earth's atmosphere, provides protection from harmful radiation
• Troposphere


  • Hot Air Balloon
  • Airplane
• Stratosphere


  • Radiosonde
• Mesosphere


  • Meteors
  • Meteorological Rocket
• Thermosphere


  • Aurora Lights
• Exosphere


  • Spaceship
  • Satellite
• Sea breeze


  Happens when land heats faster than water during the day, making the air above warmer. Warm air rises, drawing cooler air from the ocean to replace it.
• Land breeze


  At night, land cools faster than the sea. A low-pressure area forms over the sea as it stays warmer. Air flows from land to sea, creating a land breeze.
• Monsoon


  Wind system that involve bigger masses of air that move horizontally, bring abundant rainfall to the country.
• Monsoon types


  • Northeast Monsoon (Amihan)
  • Southwest Monsoon (Habagat)
• Northeast Monsoon


  Dry and cool wind, slight to moderate rainfall, November - March
• Southwest Monsoon


  Warm and moist wind, moderate to heavy torrential rainfall, June - October
• Monsoon formation


  Occurs when the air moves towards the place where warm air is rising (low pressure area), away from the high pressure area
• Intertropical Convergence Zone


  The place where the trade winds from the Northern Hemisphere and the Southern Hemisphere meet at, or near, the equator. Where warm and humid air masses form, breeding zones of low-pressure areas.