Physical (Paper 1)

• Banbury


  Flood Management
• Banbury flooded


  1998 and 2007
• Damages from the 1998 flood in Banbury were £12-6 million
• Banbury flood defense scheme costing £18-5 million constructed


  2012
• Banbury flood defense scheme

  1. Embankment parallel to the M40

  2. A361 raised to avoid flooding

  3. Pumping station created to remove water

  4. Biodiversity action plan
• Chile 2010 Earthquake


  • 8.8 magnitude
  • 1200 injured and 500 dead
  • $30 billion in damage
• Chile is a High Income Country
• Short term


  Easier recovery as they didn't need aid
• Long term


  Reduce damage in future with more expensive infrastructure and 4 year recovery plan in place
• The River Tees flows from the Pennines to the North Sea and is 137km long
• Svalbard


  • Most northerly human settlement
  • Population 2700
  • Temperature -15°C to 7°C
  • Fragile ecosystem easily disrupted
• Beast from the East 2018


  • Up to 50cm of snow and 2m drifts
  • 4 deaths
  • Millions in costs
• Lyme Regis coast management


  • Town built on unstable cliffs
  • £43.4 million spent on hard engineering
  • Wide shingle beach to absorb wave energy
  • Sea wall and promenade created
  • Increased visitors but also increased litter
• Swanage


  • Part of the Jurassic Coast
  • Durdle Door sea arch
  • Old Harry Rocks headland
  • Chesil Beach
• Somerset Floods 2014


  • 184mm of rain in a month
  • 600 homes flooded
  • Temporary pumping and defences made
  • Rivers dredged and improved to increase capacity
• Nepal Earthquake 2015


  • 7.9 magnitude
  • 1,000 injured and 1,600 dead
  • $10 billion in damage
  • Severe damage to buildings and infrastructure
• Short term


  Lots of damage to structures, temporary fixes
• Long term


  Rebuilding much of the damaged infrastructure
• Malaysia - Deforestation


  • 2,600 species of trees
  • 203 species of mammals
  • Increased space for eco-tourism
  • Selective logging to build Bakun dam
  • Dam displaced 9,000 people and cost $2 billion
• Typhoon Haiyan, Philippines 2013


  • 6,000 dead and 10,000 injured
  • $15-8 billion in damages
  • 1 million food packs given in 2 weeks
  • $1.5 billion in foreign aid
  • Aim to reduce future risk