ss term exam :00

• The Philippines was preparing for their independence, when suddenly, Japan bombed Pearl Harbor, Hawaii, USA
• This was because the US stopped supplying Japan gas, and fuel
• Two days before the incident, Japan had signed peace agreements
• Because of this, the US was forced to declare war against the Japanese forces
• Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere (GEACPS)


  • Similar to Benevolent Assimilation Policy
  • "promote harmony to all Asians"
• • Japanese forces were able to enter Appari, Vigan, Legazpi, Jolo, and Davao in these 10 days
  • General Mac Arthur (commander of the USAFFE), couldn't defend these areas


  DECEMBER 10-20, 1941
• General Mac Arthur advised Manuel Quezon to move to Australia to keep him safe


  DECEMBER 20, 1941
• MacArthur declared Manila as an open city, however, it was destroyed


  DECEMBER 26, 1941
• Bataan fell. They surrendered to stop all the slaughter


  APRIL 9, 1942
• Bataan Death March


  1. Filipino and American soldiers were forced to march from Bataan to Pampanga

  2. Many people were forced to lay down their arms, or they would get executed

  3. Many Filipinos died going to Pampanga

  4. Those who reached Pampanga were put into unsanitary railway boxcars, and taken to Camp o' Donell, their final destination

  5. The railway boxcars were made of metal, and it was also summer then. The boxcars would be super hot. The soldiers were packed into the cars like sardines, so some died standing up
• The few Filipinos who didn't surrender fled into the hills. They became guerillas who waged war against the Japanese Forces