geography EBIs

• Describing shape of population pyramid


  • Smaller
  • Wider
  • Narrower
  • Rounded shape
• Reasons for HICs having higher ageing populations


  • Healthy lifestyle
  • Diet
  • Exercise
  • Water supply
  • Vaccines
• Disadvantages of an ageing population


  • Cannot defend country
  • Pressure on healthcare - not just requiring staff
• Reasons for HICs having lower natural increase


  • Low BR and DR
  • Modern attitudes to family size
• Reasons for increased urban to rural migration

  • Working from home
  • Increased car ownership/transport
  • Air pollution in city
• Reasons for increased squatter settlements in LEDC urban areas

  • More moving to cities
  • Many can't afford to buy a house
  • Not enough houses for everyone
• Disadvantages of squatter settlements

  • Unhygienic
  • Risk of eviction
  • Not weather - proof houses
  • Crime/ violence
  • Diseases spread
• Reducing squatter settlement effects

  • Self help
  • Install water pipes
  • Build cheap housing
  • Government schemes
• Arch formation


  • Steep
  • Uneven rock
  • Cracks and faults
  • Waves crash into rock
  • Cave -> arch -> stack -> stump
• Worries of coastal erosion for residents


  • Evacuation
  • Worry about selling houses
  • Danger to life
• Waves for longshore drift and spits?


  Constructive waves
• Reasons why people live near rivers


  • Fertile land
  • Used for navigation
  • Water supply
  • Wash clothes
  • Pretty views
• Causes of flooding

  • Poor management
  • Deforestation
  • Overland flow
  • Waste deposited
• Benefits of renewable instead of fossil fuels


  • Cheap once set up
  • No acid rain
  • No waste
• Factors affecting location of a factory


  • Government policies
  • Raw materials
  • Transport
• Disadvantages of tourism on locals


  • Seasonal income
  • Job exploitation
  • Lack of privacy
  • Damaging artefacts as souvenirs
• Effects of tourism on environment

  • Acid rain
  • Ecosystems destroyed
  • Food chains harmed
  • Exhaustion of soils
  • Water pollution
• Protecting an area from tourism

  national parks, fencing off, fines, renewable hotels