Tle grade 8 (4th Quarter)

• (Tools)

  Screwdrivers

  These tools are made of hardened and tempered at the tip used to loosen or tighten screws with slotted heads. They come in various sizes and shapes.
• 4 Types of parts of a screwdriver:(from top to bottom)

  1. Handle
  2. Shank
  3. Blade
  4. Tip
• (types of screwdrivers)

  Standard/flat screw driver

  The blade tip is wedge-shaped and resembles a negative (-) sign.
• (types of screwdrivers)

  Philips screwdriver

  This has a cross tip resembling a positive (+) sign.
• (types of screwdrivers)

  Stubby screwdriver

  Comes in either standard or philips screw driver with short shank or blade and a shorted handle.
• (types of screwdrivers)

  Stubby screwdriver

  Used to turn screws in tight space where standard screw driver cannot be used.
• (types of screwdrivers)

  Standard/flat screw driver

  This is used to drive screws with a single slot head.
• (types of screwdrivers)

  Philips screwdriver

  This is used to drive screws with cross slot heads.
• (types of screwdrivers)

  Allen screwdriver/wrench

  Could be in the shape of a screwdriver or a wrench.
• (types of screwdrivers)

  Allen screwdriver/wrench

  Its function is to drive screw with hexagonal slot head.
• Hammers

  These tools are used in driving or pounding and pulling out nails. They are made of hard steel , wood, plastic, or rubber.
• Types of hammer

  1. Claw hammer
  2. Mallet(rubber head)
  3. Ballpeen hammer
• Claw hammer

  A hammer with a head that is curved partially split in the back so that it can be used for pulling out nails.
• Parts of a claw hammer

  Head

  Face(the pounding part)

  Neck(behind of the face)

  Cheek(side-view of the hammer)

  Peen or claw(the back of the hammer)

  Eye(located at the down part of the head)

  Handle(down part of the eye)

  Grip
• 
  

  Rubber mallets are lighter and cheaper than mallets made of metal
• Mallet

  Most commonly used for striking an object that a normal hammer would leave a mark in.
• Ballpeen hammer

  Hammer that has one end of its head shaped in a hemisphere for beating metal .
• Parts of a ballpeen hammer

  Face

  Peen

  Cheek

  Neck

  Handle
• Pliers

  Made from metal with insulators in the handle and are used for cutting, twisting, bending, holding, and gripping wires and cables.
• Pliers diagram

  Jaws(part of pliers that grips)

  Pipe grip(inside of jaws)

  Cutters

  Pivot point(the circle that is located at the center of the pliers)

  Handles

  Grips
• (types of pliers)

  Combination pliers

  -Used for gripping, holding, and cutting electrical wires and cables and even small nails.
• (types of pliers)

  Combination pliers

  Usually used by linemen in doing heavy tasks.
• (types of pliers)

  Side cutting pliers

  This type of pliers is used for cutting fine, medium, and big wires and cables.
• Side cutting pliers parts:

  Blade

  Jaws

  Joint

  Handles
• (types of pliers)

  Long nose pliers

  Used for cutting and holding fine wires.
• (types of pliers)

  Long nose pliers

  This can reach tight space or small opening where other pliers cannot reach and also used in making terminal loops of copperwires.
• Wire stripper

  A tool use for removing insulation of medium sized wires ranging from gauge #10 to gauge #16.
• Electrician's knife

  Used by linemen to remove insulation of wire and cables in low and high voltage transmission lines.
• Portable electric drill

  Used in making holes on metal sheets and concrete walls.
• Hacksaw

  Used to cut metal conduit and armored cable.
• (materials)

  Male plug

  A device inserted to a convenience outlet to conduct electric current.
• (materials)

  Male plug

  A flat cord is attached to it on one end and the other end is connected to a current consuming instrument or appliance.
• Electrical materials are developed and constructed for a special purpose such as to:

  1. Control the flow of current in an electrical circuit.
  2. Carry electrical current from the source to the load or current consuming apparatus;
  3. Hold and secure wiresto its fixtures inside and outside houses and buildings;and
  4. Protect the houses, buildings, appliances, and instruments from any destruction and damage.
• (Electrical supplies and materials)

  Convenience outlet

  A device that acts as a convenient source of electrical energy for current consuming appliances.
• (Electrical supplies and materials)

  Convenience outlet

  Where the male plug of an appliance is inserted and usually fastened on the wall or connected in an extension cord.
• (Electrical supplies and materials)

  Convenience outlet can be single, duplex, triplex, or multiplex and could be surface type or flush type.
• Surface types are mounted on the wall's surface.
• Flush types are mounts in the wall.
• Female plug

  The female connector is generally a receptacle that receives and holds the male connector.
• Lamp holders

  Devices that hold and protect the lamp and are also called as lamp sockets/receptacles.