Laws of Motion

Cards (18)

  • Isaac Newton - formulated the three laws of motion & universal gravitation when he concluded that the earth is attracted to the fallen apple and vice versa
  • 3 Laws of Motion:
    1. Law of Inertia
    2. Law of Acceleration
    3. Law of Interaction (Action-Reaction)
  • Law of Inertia - objects will remain at rest or continue to move at a constant speed unless acted upon by unbalanced forces
  • Balanced vs Unbalanced Forces
    • Balanced: stays at rest
    • Unbalanced: one will move
  • Law of Acceleration - acceleration is directly proportional to the force applied on an object and indirectly proportional to the mass of an object
  • Acceleration - rate of change of velocity in respect to time
    • a=v/t
  • Law of Acceleration Formulas:
    • F=ma; N
    • m=F/a; kg
    • a=F/m; m/s^2
  • Law of Interaction (Action-Reaction) - for every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction; these actions act in pairs
  • Law of Universal Gravitation - every particle in the universe attracts every other particle with a force that is directly proportional to the product of their masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them
  • Law of Universal Gravitation Formula:
    • G =gravitational constant (6.67 x 10^-11 nm2/kg2)
    • m1 = mass of first subject; m2 = mass of 2nd object
    • r = distance between their centers
  • Momentum - mass in motion (kg⋅m/s^2)
    • p=mv (p - momentum, m - mass, v - velocity)
    • m=p/v
    • v=p/m
  • 4 cases of momentum:
    1. Large mass & velocity
    2. Large mass, less velocity
    3. Less mass, large velocity
    4. Less mass & velocity
  • Impulse - force that acts in a particular time that causes the momentum of an object to change
    • Δ = change
    • Unit = N⋅s (newton second)
  • Impulse-Momentum Theorem - The impulse is equal to the change in momentum.
    • FΔt=mΔv=Δp; "change in time=change in velocity=change in momentum"
    • Below is an alternative formula to acceleration (2nd law)
  • Law of Conservation of Momentum - total momentum before collision is equal to total momentum after collision
    Two types:
    • Elastic - when objects collide and separate immediately into different directions
    • Inelastic - when objects collide and stick together, then proceed to move to a single direction
  • Elastic and Inelastic Collisions Formulas:
    • m1=mass of 1st object
    • m2=mass of 2nd object
    • vi1=initial velocity of 1st object
    • vi2=initial velocity of 2nd object
    • vf1=final velocity of 1st object
    • vf2=final velocity of 2nd object
  • Kinematic Equations (for uniformly accelerated motion) formulas:
  • Free Fall motion formulas:
    • Δ y is distance (nakuha ko lang e2 sa net)