ARTAPP LESSON 8

• ART has been integral part in European history.
• The Greek were known to excel on various field and aspects and society
• The Greeks were known to place prime importance in the use of reason.
• GEOMETRIC PERIOD - it was a period when geometric shapes and pattern have taken the spotlight in the most of the artworks.
• ARCHAIC PERIOD – placed importance in human figures
• CLASSICAL PERIOD – it was during this time when Greeks found themselves rebuilding their temples and focusing on creating artworks.
• HELLENISTIC PERIOD – the time of Alexander the Great\
• Hellenistic sculptures started to emphasize balance while showcasing dynamic poses and a number of emotions evoked by the subjects.
• One of the famous Hellenistic sculpture is the “Lacoon and His Sons.”
• The origins of theater and drama can be traces back during the Greek civilization.
• The followers of Dionysus- the God of fertility- started the Greek theater.
• LACOON AND HIS SONS BY: Agesander of Rhodes, Athenodoros of Rhodes, and Polydorus of Rhodes
• The Roman Republic was established around 500 BCE. This civilization eventually transformed into one of Western Europe’s mightiest empires
• It can be said that Roman civilization came of age during the Hellenistic Period.
• Ancient Greece had a huge impact in the formation of Roman culture,
• COLLESEUM

  
• MIDDLE AGES - As the term denotes, it is the period between the decline of the Roman Empire and the Renaissance. It was a period that is characterized by ignorance and darkness.
• The printing press came later after the Middle Ages, so copies of the scriptures were done by hand
• ROMANESQUE (1050 – 1200), inspired by the old Roman empire
• GOTHIC (1200-1500), which had a more northern flavor from the Goths-vulgar and barbarian.
• RENAISSANCE ART - During this period, artist valued the “individual” as a subject of arts. The influence of humanism shifted the focus of some artworks during the Renaissance Period to empower the “individual.”
• Most artwork emphasized naturalism, which was also an influence of humanism since there was a great emphasis on the proportionality of the human body.
• Naturalism is a philosophical viewpoint according to which everything arises from natural properties and causes, and supernatural or spiritual explanations are excluded or discounted
• During the renaissance period, there was also a revival of Roman theatrical plays.
• Mannerism was a period in art history, which was a product of the Renaissance Period.
• Most artworks during this period displayed distorted figures, two dimensional spaces, discordant hues and colors, and lack of defined focal point
• The term “baroque” is derived from the Portuguese term barocco which is translated as “irregularly shaped pearl.” Which according to some historians was a response to Protestantism. This period roughly spanned from 1600 to 1750.
• Most artists used colorful palettes and ornamentation in their works
• Expansion was the central theme of this period, which became very much evident in the artworks produced during this time
• Aside from art, MUSIC also flourished during the Baroque Period.
• Since the birthplace of this period was in Rome, it did not come as a surprise that most composers come from Italy.
• Eventually, the influence of Baroque spread outside Italy and reached other parts of Europe. Other well-known Baroque composers include Germany’s Bach and Handel.
• NEOCLASSICISM -There seems to be a debate among historians as to the beginnings of modern art. There are accounts that would attribute for the emergence of this kind of art during the French Revolution in 1789.
• Neoclassicism was a movement in Europe that transpired during the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries
• Romanticism, as an art movement, used the central themes of Neoclassicist artworks as a springboard
• during the Age of Revolutions, there has been a tremendous focus on patriotic and nationalistic movements
• The major and central themes of Romanticism movement include the emphasis on the goodness of mankind. Artists also emphasized emotions and feelings of man, which was a deviation from the humanist principle of rationalism
• Realism as style of work focuses on the accuracy of details that depicts and somehow mirrors reality.
• Realism as modern movement in art veered away from traditional forms of art. In a way, it revolutionized themes and techniques in paintings.
• Idealistic concepts and images were replaced by real manifestations of society