Over Exploitation of Water

• Cities seeing effects of excessive groundwater extraction


  Jakarta

  -city is sinking up to 20cm a year

  -20% of city is below sea level

  -made worse by sea level rise and excessive groundwater extraction
• What % of groundwater wells are at risk of depletion by 2050

  20%
• Groundwater pollution example


  EU

  -despite improvement of water quality, groundwater is polluted by nitrates

  -harmful to human health and ecosystems

  -causing anoxia (oxygen depletion) and eutrophication