philosophy paper 3

• adam

  he is the father of humanity and was formed from a handful of soil. he was convinced by the devil to eat from a forbidden tree and got banished to earth. he confessed sin and was forgiven.
• al-qadr

  gods predestination (sunni 6 articles). shows that all events are out of our control and everything happens for a reason. painful experiences should be seen as opportunities for growth. god wants us to follow the 'straight path' he has set but its up to us to make the right choices.
• akhirah

  afterlife(sunni 6 articles). signs of the end of the world include: the appearance of mahdi, a false messiah, the spreading of killing dishonesty and drunkeness.
• atid and raqid.

  good angels which sit on each shoulder and note down all the good and bad deeds. known as 'noble recorders'.
• azrail

  angel that takes the soul at death.
• beliefs about allah

  god is imamate (always close). god is transcendent (beyond all things). god is omniscient (has all knowledge). god is beneficial (always kind). god is merciful (always fair). god is a judge (will be our judge). god is the creator (cause of all that exists).
• dawud

  israels greatest king who made jerusalem a holy place.
• fitrah

  the idea that we are all born with an instinctive need for god. a natural spirituality that connects us to our creator.
• hadith

  collection of muhammad's saying.
• holy books

  sacred text that was perfectly inspired by god and muslims like to use the qur'an as a guide to life. 'we have sent down to you the book as clarification for all things'.
• ibrahim

  the greatest of the prophets and ancestor of muhammad. god told him to sacrifice his son and satan tired to tempt him to disobey god. he didnt give in and drove evil away by throwing stones.
• imamate

  leadership (5 shi'a roots).
• isa

  islamic name for jesus and he is the most prominent figure in the qur'an who performed miracles.
• israfi

  the angel who blows the trumpet on the day of judgement.
• jibril 


  the angel responsible for revealing the qur'an.
• judgement day

  where the dead stand before god and are sentenced according to the way they have lived their lives. if their good outweighs their bad a book is placed in their right hand which means they go to heaven. if their bad outweighs their good a book is placed in their left hand which means they go to hell. 'every small and great thing is recorded'.
• malaikah

  angels (sunni 6 articles).
• mika'il

  angel that keeps the devil out and protects faithful worshippers.
• mukar and nakir

  terrifying and judgey angels who question each person testing their faith.
• musa (moses)

  he led the Israelites out of slavery and was given the word of god. teaching of ibrahim (the prophet before) had become forgotten and the book lost so musa was sent.
• nubuwwah

  prophethood (shi'a 5 roots).
• PBUH

  peace and blessings be upon him.
• qayamat

  resurrection (shi'a 5 roots).
• risalah

  prophethood (sunni 6 articles). every community has its own prophet who god reveals messages through. 'we send not messengers except as bearers of good tidings to those who believe good tidings of paradise and as warners to those who disbelieve warning of the fire.’
• shi'a beliefs about angels

  angels have a limited free will but it will never lead them to sin or act against the will of god.
• sin of shirk

  when a person worships someone other than god.
• sunni beliefs about angels

  angels have no free will and were created from light by god.
• taqwas

  the desire for a personal connection with god and is the highest quality of a muslim. this gives them protection from evil.
• tawhid

  the oneness of god. 'he begetteth not, not he is begotton' god has no children and is not the child of anyone.
• 99 names of god

  king, protector, wise, light etc. reciting the name is a very powerful form of prayer. 'vision perceives him not, he perceives all vision' meaning humans cant see or understand god but god is able to see everything.