9 TLE LESSON 4

• NEW PLANT LIFE STARTS WITH: 


  • simple seed • cutting and grafting

  • tissue culture
• Seed 


  a dormant plant which develops into a complete plant
• environmental conditions: 


  • soil

  • water

  • moisture

  • temperature
• Cutting 


  refers to cut section of plant like stem or a branch and propagating it
• grafting 


  refers to combine tissues of plants similar or dissimilar. It is also a technique of propagation in which scion stick and rootstock is connected in a way such that they may unite and subsequently grow and develop as a successful plant
• kinds of grafting 


  • Veneer grafting

  • Whip grafting

  • tongue grafting

  • cleft grafting

  • wedge grafting

  • Bridge grafting

  • Epicotyls/Stone grafting

  • Inarching

  • Layering
• veneer grafting 


  v shaped incision at lower portion. Defoliated before 10-15 days.
• Whip grafting 


  scion-stock and rootstock with some thickness
• Tongue grafting 


  modification of Whip grafting.
• Cleft grafting 


  oldest technique of top working. Suitable for straight giant wood plant. Waxed the scion stock
• Wedge grafting 


  also used for top working of old tree.

  V wedge shaped.
• Bridge grafting 


  useful in repairing damage collar region of plant
• Epicotyls/Store grafting 


  Seedling prepared

  Coppery leaf stage
• Inarching 


  is also called as "Attached method" of grafting. In this method the scion is detached after completion of union.
• Layering 


  Is a technique of propagation in which a portion of plant is forced to produce adventitious root while it's still remain attached to mother plant.
• Tissue culture 


  refers to a collection f tissues or sterile condition organs of plants in an nutrient base. It is also called as " Micro Propagation"
• Germination 


  Is the process where embryonic plant is contained in the seed lead to emergence of new plant. The embryo formed is wrapped in a seed coat.
• Factors Affecting Germination 


  • water

  • Oxygen

  • Temperature and Light
• Step in Seed Germination

  I. Absorption of Water

  II. Secretion of Enzymes and Hormones

  III. Hydrolysis of Stored Food into Soluble Form

  IV. Translocation of Soluble Foods and Hormones to the Growing Points.
• Propagation

  process of creating new plants from seeds, grafting, buddings, cuttings, tissue culture method
• Types of Propagation

  * Sexual propagation

  *Asexual propagation
• Sexual propagation

  is done through seed
• Asexual propagation

  through grafting, cutting, tissue culture
• examples of Propagation Media:

  • Soil

  • Sand

  • Leaf mould

  • Vermiculite

  • Perlite

  • Coco peat

  • Farm Yard Manure (FYM)

  • Saw dust
• Plants are derived from single parent thus there is no genetic change.
• It multiplies the different species in large numbers
• it protects the plant species which are endangered
• it improves the characteristics and quality of plants
• It produces quality and healthy plants on commercial base
• Propagation media 


  is a substance in which plant parts are placed for propagation. It provides initial support and favorable conditions for plant propagation