Science

• air mass


  A large body of air that has similar properties to the region of Earth's surface over where it develops
• Warm front


  It is the boundary where warm air replaces a cold air mass
• Occluded front


  When two cold air masses move towards each other, an occluded front forms with cool air advancing and staying in the same place
• Stationary front


  Happens once a boundary between air masses stops moving
• Elements of Weather Changes

  • Temperature
  • Humidity
  • Precipitation
  • Wind
  • Pressure
• Temperature


  The measure of the degree of hotness or coldness
• Humidity


  The measure of moisture present in the air
• Precipitation


  Any form of moisture including rain, drizzle that falls on the ground
• Wind


  The horizontal movement of the air near the surface of Earth
• Pressure


  The force of the air on a given surface divided by the area of that surface
• Earthquakes are the shaking of Earth's crust caused by a sudden release of energy in the rocks underground
• Types of Earthquakes

  • Tectonic Earthquake
  • Volcanic Earthquake
• Tectonic Earthquake


  Caused by the movement of Earth's crust
• Volcanic Earthquake


  Caused by the movement of magma inside a volcano
• Magma


  The molten rock material within the Earth
• Epicenter


  The area on Earth's surface directly above the focus (point within Earth where an earthquake originates)
• Seismologists


  People who study seismic waves to determine the epicenter and focus of an earthquake
• Seismograph


  Instrument seismologists use to record seismic waves
• The Philippine Institute of Volcanology & Seismology (PHIVOLCS) is the agency that monitors, predicts & determines areas that are prone to earthquakes, volcanic eruptions & other related hazards
• Intensity


  The measure of an earthquake's severity in terms of its effect on the earth's surface and on humans
• Magnitude


  The measure of the energy released by an earthquake, determined using the Richter magnitude scale
• Types of Climate in the Philippines

  • Type 1 (Dry and wet seasons)
  • Type 2 (No dry season, maximum rainfall from November to January)
• The Philippines is a tropical country because it is located above the Earth's equator
• Dry season is a period with low amount of rainfall
• Rainy season or wet season is the time of year when a region receives an average annual rainfall, also called the "green season"
• Tsunami is caused by an earthquake, a landslide, or a volcanic eruption on the sea floor
• Sinkhole is a patch of land that suddenly collapses, creating a hole in the ground
• Volcanic eruption is one of the most devastating natural phenomena that can cause fear and possibly loss of lives and properties
• Volcano


  A mountain, hill or even a small protrusion of land formed under the sea
• Parts of a Volcano

  • Crater
  • Main Vent
  • Secondary Vents
  • Magma Chamber
• Amihan (northeast monsoon) affects the Philippines from October to March, bringing cold weather
• Habagat (southwest monsoon) occurs from May until October, bringing a wet season for most parts of the country
• The Philippine Atmospheric Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration (PAGASA) is the country's official weather authority, monitoring and managing weather announcements
• Meteorologists


  Scientists who study weather conditions
• Forecast


  Weather predictions made by meteorologists
• The Philippine Area of Responsibility (PAR) is the area monitored by PAGASA
• The Sun is a star, a hot ball of glowing gases at the heart of our solar system
• Planets orbit the Sun in oval shaped paths called ellipses
• The prime meridian is the primary dividing line from North to South Pole
• Revolution


  The movement of Earth in its orbit around the Sun