r&w finals lesson4

• paragraph


  group of sentence that deals with one particular idea
• Topic sentence


  the main idea of your paragraph
• Topic Sentence


  contains the main point that supports your thesis statement
• Explicit


  clearly stated
• Implicit


  not cleary stated or the clear controlling idea
• Supporting Details


  may range from facts, examples or instances
• Unity, Adequate Development and Coherence


  ways in making your paragraph effective
• Unity


  the whole paragraph should begin and end with one focus only
• Adequate Development


  it should be elaborated on using concrete evidence, different examples, relevant facts and specific details
• Coherence


  the sentence are arranged in logical manner
• Chronological order


  the details are arranged in the order which they happened
• Spatial Arrangement


  arranged according to geographical location
• Emphatic Order

  arranged to emphasize certain points depending on the writer's purpose
• Transition


  words or phrases that connects one idea to another
• Time

  Sequence

  Space

  Illustration

  Comparison

  Contrast

  Cause and Effect

  Conclusion


  Kinds of Transition
• Time

  first, immediately, afterward, before, at the same time
• Sequence

  moreover, furthermore, next, also, finally
• Space

  above, next to, below, behind, beside
• Illustration

  for instance, specifically, for example, namely in this case
• Comparison

  similarly, also, in the same way, still, likewise
• Contrast

  but, despite, however, even though, yet
• Cause and Effect


  because, as a result, consequently, then, so, since
• Conclusion


  thus, therefore, in conclusion, in short
• Repetitions

  repetitions of main ideas keep continuity and highlight important ideas
• Synonyms


  similar in meaning to important words/phrases that prevent tedious repetitions
• Pronouns


  words that connected readers to the original word that the pronouns replace
• Parallelism


  using similar sentences structures