MATH

• INTERSECTING LINES: lines that cross at exactly one point
• PERPENDICULAR LINES: intersecting lines that form a right angle
• PARALLEL LINES: lines in one plane but do not meet
• SKEW LINES: lines that do not belong to one plane and do not meet
• COPLANAR LINES: lines on one plane
• COPLANAR POINTS: points in one plane
• COLLINEAR POINTS: points on one line
• TRANSVERSAL: lines that intersects two or more coplanar lines at two distinct points
• CORRESPONDING ANGLE POSTULATE: if two parallel lines are cut by a transversal, then the pairs of corresponding angles are congruent
• ALTERNATE INTERIOR/EXTERIOR ANGLE: congruent
• CONSECUTIVE INTERIOR/EXTERIOR ANGLE: they are supplementary
• PERPENDICULAR TRANSVERSAL: all angles are equal to 90 degrees, transversal is perpendicular to parallel lines
• QUADRILATERAL: a polygon formed by four line segments
• A QUADRILATERAL HAS FOUR PARTS:

  • four vertices
  • four sides
  • four angles
  • two diagonals
• PROPERTIES OF A QUADRILATERAL:

  • 2 pairs of opposite angles
  • 2 pairs of opposite sides
  • 4 pairs of consecutive angles
  • 4 pairs of consecutive sides
• GENERAL QUADRILATERAL OR TRAPEZIUM: no parallel sides
• TRAPEZOID: a quadrilateral with 1 parallel side
• ISOSCELES TRAPEZOID: two legs are distinct
• KITE: two distinct sides, one pair of equal angle
• PARALLELOGRAM: a quadrilateral with two pairs of parallel sides
• KINDS OF PARALLELOGRAM:

  • rectangle
  • rhombus
  • square
• RECTANGLE: a parallelogram with four right angles
• RHOMBUS: a parallelogram with four equal sides
• SQUARE: a parallelogram with four right angles and four right sides
• PROPERTIES OF A PARALLELOGRAM:

  • opposite sides are congruent
  • opposite angles are congruent
  • consecutive angles are supplementary
  • diagonals bisect each other
• THEOREMS OF PROVING A PARALLELOGRAM:

  • both pairs of opposite sides are congruent
  • both pairs of opposite angles are congruent
  • if two sides are parallel and congruent
  • diagonals bisect each other
• MEASURES OF CENTRAL TENDENCY: the numbers that describe the entire set of data
• MEAN or AVERAGE: most commonly used among the measures of central tendency.
• MEDIAN: middle value of a set of data.
• MODE: simplest measure of central tendency, it is the most frequent number
• KINDS OF MODE:

  • unimodal - one mode
  • bimodal - two modes
  • trimodal - three modes
  • multimodal - four modes
• MEASURES OF VARIABILITY or DISPERSION: measures determine how spread or how dispersed the set of data is
• RANGE: simplest measure of dispersion, the difference between the highest and lowest frequency of a data set
• AVERAGE DEVIATION: the average of the sum of the absolute difference of each measure from mean
• STANDARD DEVIATION: measure of dispersion which depends upon the distance from the mean to each of the scores in the distribution.
• PROBABILITY: used to measure the likelihood for a certain event
• SAMPLE SPACE: set of all possible results
• SAMPLE POINT: elements of the sample space
• CARDINALITY: the number of elements in a sample space
• EVENT: any subset of the sample space