Cells and its organelles

• In general :two Types of Cells

  All cells, whether they are prokaryotic or eukaryotic, have some common features
• Organelles are structures that enable the cell to live, grow and reproduce.
• Prokaryotic Cells:

  • Have no membrane covered nucleus
  • Have no membrane covered - organelles
  • Have circular DNA
  • Are bacteria
• Eukaryotic Cells:

  • Have a nucleus
  • Have a membrane - covered organelles
  • Have linear DNA
  • Are all other cells
• Found in both Animal and Plant Cells:

  • Nucleus
  • Golgi Complex
  • Mitochondrion
  • Lyosomes
  • Endoplasmic
  • Reticulum
  • Cell Membrane
  • Ribosomes
  • Vacuoles

  Found only in plant cells:

  • Chloroplasts
  • Cell Wall
  • Less Vacuole but bigger in size
• Cell Membrane

  • Outer layer of cell
  • Allows nutrients into the cell and wastes outside of the cell
• Cytoplasm

  • Cytoplasm a jelly-like fluid contained in the cell that holds the organelles.
  • Sources of all substances needed by the cell
• The Nucleus

  • The control center of the cell
  • Contains the Cell’s DNA
• Mitochondria

  • Power center of cell
  • Provides the energy the cell needs to move, divide, etc.
• Ribosomes

  • Site where proteins are made
  • Cell parts are made of proteins

  “Factories of the cell”
• Endoplasmic Reticulum

  • Transportation system of cell
  • Rough ER- ribosome's attached
  • Smooth ER- no ribosome's
• Golgi Complex

  • Packaging house of cell
  • Packages, processes, and ships out the stuff the cell makes
• Lysosomes

  • Digests food particles and cell parts “Garbage men”
  • Protects cell by digesting foreign invaders “Police men"
• Vacuole

  • Stores water, food & wastes
  • Vacuole is largest organelle in plant cell
• Cell Wall

  • Found only in plant cells
  • Protects and supports the cell
• Chloroplasts

  • Found only in plant cells
  • Contains chlorophyll (makes plants green)
  • Where photosynthesis takes place
• Animal Cell

  A) Cell membrane

  B) Nucelus

  C) Cytoplasm

  D) Endoplasmic reticulum

  E) Lysosome

  F) Vacuole

  G) Nucleolus

  H) Golgi complex

  I) Mitochondria

  
• Plant Cell

  A) Cell wall

  B) Golgi complex

  C) Cell membrane

  D) Chloroplast

  E) Vacuole

  F) Mitochondria

  G) Nucelus

  H) Nucleolus

  I) Endoplasmic reticulum