dsRNA

• Respiratory Enteric Orphan Virus (Reoviruses)
• infects most mammalian species and are readily detected in water contaminated with ANIMAL FECES - Reovirus
• • Extremely Heat Resistant
  • Remain infectious after treatment of pH 3-9


  Reovirus
• Composed of 9 genera (only 4 can cause human disease)
• 4 genera of Reoviruses that can cause human disease:

  1. Orbivirus
  2. Orthoreovirus
  3. Rotavirus
  4. Coltivirus
• • Acid Labile
  • Primarily Animal Pathogen
  • CONSIST OF 9 RNA SEGMENTS


  ORBIVIRUS
• Mode of transmission of Orbivirus

  Arthropod bite
• Kemerovo virus

  Ixodes tick
• Lebombo virus


  Mosquito
• Orungo virus


  Aedes mosquito
• Changuinola virus


  Phlebotomus flies
• Oklahoma tick Fever and Neurologic infections


  Kemerovo Virus
• Clinical illness in Africa

  Lebombo Virus
• Acute illness with headache and myalgia

  Orungovirus
• Acute self-limited febrile illness in Panama

  Changuinola virus
• Consist of 12 RNA segments

  Coltivirus
• Site of Latency of Coltivirus

  1. Bone marrow
  2. Lymph nodes
  3. Spleen
  4. Liver of Rhesus Monkey
• Mode of transmission of Coltivirus = Wood tick bite
• wood tick (Dermacentor andersoni)
• Bi-phasic fever = Coltivirus
• Colorado tick fever = Coltivirus
• Neutralization Test = Coltivirus
• • it has 10 RNA SEGMENTS
  • 3 Serotypes
  • Heat and Acid Stable
  • Aerosol stable


  Orthoreovirus
• 1. Upper respiratory Tract Disease
  2. Febrile Exanthema in Children

  Orthoreovirus
• Complement fixation = Orthoreovirus
• Most common cause of gastroenteritis in children = Rotavirus
• Three layer of Icosahedral capsid = Rotavirus
• RIM OF WHEEL = Rotavirus
• causes of INFANTILE DIARRHEA = Rotavirus
• Enhances the activity of Rotavirus - Trypsin
• Mode of transmission of Rotavirus = Fecal oral route
• Site of latency of Rotavirus = Small intestine
• can cause RE-INFECTION = Rotavirus
• uses:

  1. EM
  2. DFA
  3. on grid IEM
• RRV-TV (Rhesus Human reassortant tetravalent) = Vaccine for Rotavirus (rota shield)