ATMOSPHERE

• How air behaves


  1. When air is heated it will rise

  2. Air molecules of the heated air move faster and spread out which makes the air less dense
• When warm air rises


  The surrounding air will move towards the place where warm air rises to replace it
• Wind


  Moving air, air moving horizontally
• Breezes


  Winds that are evident near bodies of water
• Land surface heats up faster than bodies of water during the day

  Loses heat faster than bodies of water at night
• Sea Breeze


  Happens during the day, movement of air is from sea to land
• Land breeze


  Happens during the night, movement of air is land to sea
• Monsoons


  Wind systems that involve bigger masses of air that move horizontally, bring abundant rainfall to the country
• Monsoons occur


  When air moves towards the place where warm air is rising
• Northeast monsoon (Amihan)


  Dry and cold, slight to moderate rainfall, November - April
• Southwest monsoon (Habagat)


  Warm and moist wind, moderate to heavy sometimes torrential rainfall, June - October
• Low pressure area


  Area where there is warm rising air (causing cloud formation)
• High Pressure Area


  Cold air sinks
• ITCZ (Intertropical Convergence Zone)


  Place where the trade winds from the northern hemisphere and the southern hemisphere meet at, or near, the equator, where warm and humid air masses form, breeding zones of low pressure areas
• Seasons


  Different periods of the year that are distinguished by special weather and climate conditions
• Axis


  Imaginary line passing through the center of the earth that goes through both the north pole and the south pole
• Axis


  • Tilted at an angle of 23.5 degrees
  • Reason behind the occurrence of seasons
• Half of earth facing the sun is daytime
• Half of earth facing the moon is nighttime
• Revolution


  Earth moving around the sun
• It takes 365 ¼ days for the earth to move around the Sun
• Solstices


  • The axis of the earth points toward or away from the sun
  • Unequal lengths of day and night are experienced in different places of the earth
• Northern Summer Solstice


  First day of summer June 21-22
• Northern winter solstice


  First day of winter Dec 21-22
• Longer daytime


  Causes the surface of the earth to heat up for a longer period
• Shorter period of nights


  Causes a lesser time for the earth's surface to cool down
• April - August, different countries located at the equator will experience direct rays and experience summer
• June, there are lesser direct rays and a shorter period of daytime and longer period of night time
• Equinox


  • Axis of the earth does not point towards or away from the sun
  • Duration of days and nights are almost equal
• First day of Spring


  • Marked by vernal equinox which happens on March 21 or 22
  • Spring in north, autumn in south
• First day of autumn


  • Marked by autumnal equinox which happens on September 21 or 22
  • Autumn in north, spring in south
• The Philippines is located near the equator
• Seasons in the Philippines


  • Rainy season (wet) from June to November
  • Dry season from December to May (cold dry season or hot dry season)
• Factors affecting seasons


  • Tilt of the earth's rational axis
  • Revolution of earth around sun
  • Direct rays of the sun
  • Length of daytime