History Midterm Study Guide

• The Anti-amalgamation laws were created in 1664 in Maryland which forbid marriages between Black men and English women. This was the result of freed slaves finding happiness/love with English women.
• Diwani was a a calligraphic variety of Arabic script, cursive style, which was developed during the reign of the early Ottoman Turks, (16th-17th century). The right to collect revenue and handle the administration of a region. On August of 1765, the Mughal emperor appointed the East India Company as the Diwan of Bengal.
• What is the term for Portuguese men that were married to local women in order to convert and spread Christianity?

  Casados
• The Great Dying killed 90% of native americans due to Europeans bringing over diseases that the native americans were not accustomed to, as well as, starvation playing a big role.
• During the 19th century, Cortes and his army of Spanish Conquistadors were driven out by the Aztec empire in Tenochtitlan. Those that refused to leave were killed. 


  La Noche Triste
• A group of volcanic islands in the North Atlantic which were colonized by the Portuguese from 1420. "Islands of the Wood"


  Madeira
• Mansa Musa was the ruler of the kingdom of Mali from 1313-1337 CE. Mali became the richest empire, which led to him becoming one of the richest individuals in the world.
• The sailors from the Americas carried STD's, such as syphilis, and began transmitting those diseases to the Europeans. Representing the transmission of diseases through human bodies. 


  Revenge of the Americas
• A political book discussing the positive changes that would occur from having a government, one that allows the people to come together to decide their society, who leads them, and changes them when problems occur. Instead of relying on a king to make these decisions there would be people that would come together to resolve issues and come up with a plan that would benefit the society. 


  Social contract
• Teotl is a "life force" and if ever rendered stagnant then that meant the world was going to end. To avoid this the Mexica practiced rituals which were believed to keep the world moving. These rituals were sacrifices of the human body, most of them were prisoners but some of them were volunteers.
• The Three teachings were considered the three main beliefs in China which were Confucianism, Buddhism, and Daoism. Confucianism focuses on the importance of family, duties, elders, and ancestors. Buddhism focuses on the importance of the individual, and Daoism focuses on the importance of nature, society, and the universe.
• Battle between British EIC and the Mughals (English vs. Mughals). Clive led the battle, he bribed many of the Mughal troops and representatives which led to a win for the English. Thus, leading to the English ruling the Mughal empire.

  Battle of Plassey