Earth And Life Science 7

• Hemispheres


  • North
  • South
• Equator


  Separates North and South Hemisphere
• Prime Meridian (PM)


  Latitude separating South & North
• Latitude


  Separates South & North
• Longitude


  East & West
• Latitude 14°N
• Longitude 121°E
• 1$ = 56 Philippine Peso
• Bodies of water around the Philippines

  • West Philippine Sea
  • South China Sea
  • Pacific Ocean
  • Philippine Sea
• The Philippines is located in Asia
• The Philippines experiences more typhoons due to its location
• Petroleum products


  • Crude oil
  • Kerosene
  • Gasoline
  • Diesel
• The Philippines has a hospitable climate
• The Philippines has regions like Batanes and Baguio that experience typhoons
• Soils are formed from rocks through the action of temperature and chemicals (iron + oxygen) which cause rusting and the formation of iron oxide
• Mineral deposits


  • Gold
  • Tin
  • Copper
  • Nickel
  • Aluminum
  • Platinum
• Locations of the Pacific Ring of Fire


  • Philippines
  • Japan
  • Korea
  • Canada
  • Russia
  • US
  • New Zealand
  • Central America
  • South America
  • Taiwan
  • Indonesia
  • China
• The Philippines is located in the Pacific Ring of Fire, an area with many volcanoes
• Energy resources


  • Hydropower
  • Solar
  • Geothermal
  • Wind
  • Natural gas
  • Tidal
  • Biofuels
• Renewable resources can be replaced in a short period, while non-renewable resources cannot
• Earth's spheres


  • Hydrosphere (liquid)
  • Lithosphere (solid)
  • Atmosphere (gaseous)
  • Biosphere
• Atmospheric layers


  • Troposphere
  • Stratosphere
  • Mesosphere
  • Thermosphere
  • Exosphere
• The troposphere is where all weather takes place and is about 9 miles thick
• The stratosphere contains the ozone layer which absorbs UV radiation
• The mesosphere is where meteors burn up and it protects the Earth
• The thermosphere is very hot and the aurora borealis and australis are found here
• The exosphere is the outermost layer of the atmosphere, extending from 600-1000 km
• The composition of the atmosphere is approximately 78% nitrogen, 21% oxygen, and 1% other gases like carbon dioxide, ozone, and methane
• Global warming is caused by the increase of greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide, which trap heat in the atmosphere
• Factors that increase carbon dioxide in the atmosphere include factories, burning of garbage, cutting down of trees, and increase in population
• When air is heated, it rises because the molecules become less dense
• As warm air rises, the surrounding air moves towards the place where the air is rising
• Land heats up faster than the sea during the day, causing a sea breeze to blow from the sea to the land
• At night, the land cools faster than the sea, causing a land breeze to blow from the land to the sea
• Low pressure areas (LPAs) are associated with the rise of warm air, while high pressure areas (HPAs) are associated with no rise of warm air
• Typhoons are caused by the interaction between the rise of warm air and the replacement of high pressure areas
• The monsoon wind system is caused by the difference in temperature between the land and the sea, with the northeast monsoon occurring from December to March and the southwest monsoon occurring from July to September
• The Inter-Tropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) is an area of low pressure near the equator where the northeast and southwest monsoons converge, causing thunderstorms and rainfall
• The Philippines has two main seasons: wet and dry
• The Earth rotates on its axis once every 24 hours and revolves around the Sun once every 365.25 days